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Combined Techniques to Date the First Turkish Bridge Over the Tisza River, Hungary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Zsuzsanna Szántó ,
Róbert Kertész ,
András Morgós ,
Dénes Nagy ,
Mihály Molnár ,
Michael Grabner ,
László Rinyu  and
István Futó
Zsuzsanna Szántó*
Affiliation:
Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Studies, 4026 Debrecen, Bern tér 18/c, Hungary
Róbert Kertész
Affiliation:
Hungarian Academy of Sciences Regional Committee Veszprém (VEAB) Working Group of Industrial Archaeology and Archaeometry, VEAB Working Group of the History of Handicraft Industry, 85–118, Hungary
András Morgós
Affiliation:
Hungarian National Museum, 1370 Budapest, Múzeum krt. 14–16, Hungary
Dénes Nagy
Affiliation:
Tervezo-Beruházó Kft., 5000 Szolnok, Ságvári krt. 4, Hungary
Mihály Molnár
Affiliation:
Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Studies, 4026 Debrecen, Bern tér 18/c, Hungary
Michael Grabner
Affiliation:
University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter Jordan Strasse 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
László Rinyu
Affiliation:
Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Studies, 4026 Debrecen, Bern tér 18/c, Hungary
István Futó
Affiliation:
Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Studies, 4026 Debrecen, Bern tér 18/c, Hungary
*
Corresponding author. Email: aszanto@atomki.hu
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Abstract

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Given the fluctuating nature of the radiocarbon calibration curve, the precision of single 14C dates on the calendar timescale is limited. However, 14C dating combined with dendrochronology enabled us to date timbers found in the Tisza River, Hungary, during the dry period of summer 2003. Routine preparation of wood samples gave 14C results spread over 4 centuries. By extracting alpha-cellulose from the samples, 2 distinct and relatively narrow historical time periods were obtained: the first period (AD 1505–1595 and 1612–1673, respectively) coincided with the Turkish occupation period, while the second interval (1733–1813) obtained in the case of 2 samples did not exclude the existence of another bridge constructed later. The dendrochronological data confirmed that the bridge was constructed from oak timbers felled between 1558 and 1565. The 14C and dendrochronological dates correspond with the date of a letter written in 1562 by Antal Verancsics, Bishop of Eger, mentioning the construction of the first bridge. In conclusion, the archaeological excavation revealed proof of the first historically attested wooden bridge over the Tisza River.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 49 , Issue 2 , 2007 , pp. 515 - 526
Copyright
Copyright © 2007 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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