Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T06:32:42.322Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The History Never Written: Bards, Druids, and the Problem of Antiquarianism in Poly Olbion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

John E. Curran Jr.*
Affiliation:
Marquette University

Abstract

The rise of antiquarianism in late Elizabethan/early Jacobean England posed a threat to the common and traditional notion of continuity through time of British institutions and culture, including the transmission of historical texts. This threat was a major preoccupation for the poet Michael Drayton, and his response to it can be examined in his depictions of bards and druids in Poly Olbion. Conservatives in the historiographical debate put forth these ancient British poet/priests as an explanation for how ancient British history could have been transmitted through the centuries. But while Drayton in the Poly Olbion certainly uses bards and druids in a concerted attempt to imagine continuity, he reveals some latent suspicions of the truth - that ancient British culture was irretrievably lost.

Type
Studies
Copyright
Copyright © Renaissance Society of America 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bale, John. Illustrium Majoris Britanniae Scriptorum Hoc est, Angliae, Cambriae ac Scotiae Summarium. 1558.Google Scholar
Brinkley, Roberta Florence. Arthurian Legend in the Seventeenth Century. London, 1967.Google Scholar
Buchanan, George. Rerum Scotiarum Historia. Edinburgh, 1582.Google Scholar
Caesar, Julius. The Gallic War. Trans. H.J. Edwards. Cambridge, MA, 1986.Google Scholar
Camden, William. Britain. Trans. Philemon Holland. London, 1610.Google Scholar
Camden, William. Remains Concerning Britain. Ed. R.D. Dunn. Toronto, 1984.Google Scholar
Churchyard, Thomas. The Worthiness of Wales. Spenser Society 20, 1876.Google Scholar
Crawley, Robert Ralston Crawley. “Drayton's Use of Welsh History.“ Studies in Philology 22 (1925): 234–55.Google Scholar
Daniel, Samuel. The Collection of the History of England. Ed. Alexander B. Grossart. The Complete Works in Prose and Verse of Samuel Daniel. Vol. 4. London, 1885.Google Scholar
Siculus, Diodorus. Diodorus Siculus. 12 vols. Trans. C.H. Oldfather. Cambridge, MA, 1933.Google Scholar
Dobin, Howard. Merlin's Disciples: Prophecy, Poetry, and Power in Renaissance England. Stanford, 1990.Google Scholar
Drayton, Michael. The Works of Michael Drayton. 5 vols. Ed. J. William Hebel. Oxford, 1961.Google Scholar
Elton, Oliver. Michael Drayton: A Critical Study. New York, 1966.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Arthur B. Utter Antiquity: Perceptions of Prehistory in Renaissance England. Durham, 1993.Google Scholar
Ford, Patrick K., ed. The Mabinogi and other Welsh Tales. Berkeley, 1977.Google Scholar
Ford, Patrick K. ed. Ystoria Taliesin. Cardiff, 1992.Google Scholar
Geoffrey of Monmouth. The Historia Regum Britanniae of Geoffrey of Monmouth. Ed. Acton Griscom. London, 1929.Google Scholar
Gildas. The Ruin of Britain and other Works. Ed. and trans. Michael Winterbottom. London, 1978.Google Scholar
Giraldus Cambrensis. The Itinerary Through Wales and the Description of Wales. Trans. Sir Richard Colt Hoare. London, 1930.Google Scholar
Grundy, Joan. The Spenserian Poets: A Study in Elizabethan and Jacobean Poetry. New York, 1969.Google Scholar
Hardin, Richard F. Michael Drayton and the Passing of Elizabethan England. Lawrence, KS, 1973.Google Scholar
Harrison, William. Description of England. In Holinshed's Chronicles: England, Scotland, and Ireland. Vol. 1. New York, 1976.Google Scholar
Helgerson, Richard. Forms of Nationhood: The Elizabethan Writing of England. Oxford, 1992.Google Scholar
Herendeen, Wyman H. “Wanton Discourse and the Engines of Time: William Camden — Historian among Poets Historical.” In Renaissance Rereadings: Intertext and Context, ed. Maryanne Cline Horowitz, Anne J. Cruz, and Wendy A. Furman, 142–58. Urbana, 1988.Google Scholar
Hiller, Geoffrey G. “'Sacred Bards’ and 'Wise Druids': Drayton and his Archetype of the Poet.” ELH 51 (1984): 115.Google Scholar
Jonas, Leah. The Divine Science: The Aesthetic of some Representative Seventeenth Century English Poets. New York, 1940.Google Scholar
Kendrick, T. D. The Druids: A Study in Keltic Prehistory. New York, 1927.Google Scholar
Kendrick, T. D. British Antiquity. London, 1950.Google Scholar
Lhuyd, Humphrey. The Breviary of Britayne. Trans. Thomas Twyne. 1573.Google Scholar
Lucan. Lucan. Trans. J. D. Duff. Cambridge, MA, 1988.Google Scholar
Leland, John. The Assertion of King Arthure. Trans. Richard Robinson. In The Famous Historie of Chinon of England by Christopher Middleton together with The Assertion of King Arthure, ed. William Edward Mead. London, 1925.Google Scholar
McEachern, Claire. The Poetics of Nationhood. Cambridge, 1996.Google Scholar
Moore, William H. “Sources of Drayton's Conception of Poly Olbion.“ Studies in Philology 65 (1968): 783803.Google Scholar
Newdigate, Bernard H. Michael Drayton and his Circle. Oxford, 1941.Google Scholar
Owen, A.L. The Famous Druids: A Survey of Three Centuries of English Literature on Druids. Oxford, 1962.Google Scholar
Parry, John Jay, ed. and trans. Vita Merlini. University of Illinois Studies in Language and Literature, 10 (1925).Google Scholar
Piggot, Stuart. The Druids. New York, 1968.Google Scholar
Pliny. Natural History. 10 vols. Trans. H. Rackham et al. Cambridge, MA, 1967.Google Scholar
Pocock, J.G.A. The Ancient Constitution and the Feudal Law. Cambridge, 1987.Google Scholar
Powel, David. Introduction. The Historie of Cambria, now called Wales. 1584.Google Scholar
Price, John. Historiae Brytannicae Defensio. London, 1573.Google Scholar
Selden, John. Jani Anglorum Facies Altera. London, 1610.Google Scholar
Selden, John. Analecton Anglo-Britannicon. Ed. David Wilkins. Opera Omnia. Vol. 2. London, 1726.Google Scholar
Skene, William F., ed. and trans. The Four Ancient Books of Wales. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1868.Google Scholar
Speed, John. The History of Great Britaine. London, 1650.Google Scholar
Spenser, Edmund. A View of the State of Ireland. Ed. J. Payne Collier. The Works of Edmund Spenser. Vol. 5. London, 1873.Google Scholar
Strabo. The Geography ofStrabo. 8 vols. Trans. Horace Leonard Jones. Cambridge, MA, 1988.Google Scholar
Tacitus. Tacitus. 5 vols. Trans. John Jackson. Cambridge, MA, 1981.Google Scholar
Twyne, John. De Rebus Albionicis, Britannicis, atque Anglicis, Commentariorum libri duo. London, 1590.Google Scholar
Vergil, Polydore. Polydore Vergil's English History, vol. 1 (Books 1-8). Ed. Sir Henry Ellis. London, 1866.Google Scholar