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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 February 2009
In 1642, there was published in London A Discourse concerning the True Notion of the Lord's Supper, by Ralph Cudworth (1617–88), the Cambridge Platonist. It was with Cudworth that the phrase ‘a feast upon a sacrifice’ originated. Moreover, through his distinction as a scholar, the concept which lay behind the phrase gained acceptance with other theologians, and the phrase itself is to be found in use not only in England, but also in Scotland long after Cudworth's demise.
page 305 note 1 Powicke, F. J., The Cambridge Platonists, p. 110.Google Scholar
page 305 note 2 ibid., p. 3, quoting Mullinger, History of Cambridge University, pp. 313–14.
page 306 note 1 ibid., p. 110.
page 306 note 2 Cudworth, , A Discourse concerning the True Notion of the Lord's Supper (London, 1642), pp. 15–16.Google Scholar
page 307 note 1 Cudworth: Discourse, p. 17.
page 307 note 2 ibid., pp. 54–55.
page 307 note 3 ibid., p. 55.
page 308 note 1 Dugmore, C. W., Eucharistic Doctrine in England from Hooker to Waterland (London, 1942), p. 113.Google Scholar
page 308 note 2 ibid., p. 143.
page 308 note 3 Gillespie, George, A Treatise of Miscellany Questions (Edinburgh, 1649).Google Scholar
page 308 note 4 ibid., p 223.
page 309 note 1 ibid., p. 227.
page 309 note 2 See Powicke, The Cambridge Platonists, p. 111.
page 309 note 3 Warden, John, A Practical Essay on the Lord's Supper (Leith, 1764).Google Scholar
page 309 note 4 Erskine, John, A Humble Attempt to Promote Frequent Communicating (Glasgow, 1749), p. 44.Google Scholar
page 310 note 1 Letter by ‘J.B.N.M.’ in Edinburgh Christian Instructor, March 1823, vol. XXII, no. III, pp. 153–4.
page 310 note 2 Watson, Charles, Four Addresses on Subjects Connected with the Lord's Supper (Edinburgh, 1840).Google Scholar
page 310 note 3 ibid., p. 76.
page 310 note 4 ibid., p. 3.
page 310 note 5 King, David, The Lord's Supper (Edinburgh, 1848).Google Scholar
page 311 note 1 ibid., p. 310.
page 311 note 2 Bickersteth, Edward, A Treatise on the Lord's Supper (London, 1838).Google Scholar
page 311 note 3 Cumming, John, The Communion Table; or Communicants Manual: A Plain and Practical Exposition of The Lord's Supper (London, 1855).Google Scholar
page 311 note 4 ibid., pp. 43–44.
page 312 note 1 ibid., pp. 146–7.
page 312 note 2 Macleod, Norman, Church, Ministry, and Sacraments (The Guild Library, London and Edinburgh, 1899).Google Scholar
page 312 note 3 See Scott, Hew, Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae, vol. IV, p. 118, vol. VI, p. 459.Google Scholar
page 312 note 4 Macleod, , Church, Ministry, and Sacraments, pp. 91–93.Google Scholar
page 313 note 1 See especially Milligan, William, The Resurrection of Our Lord (London, 1894), pp. 274–290, for an extended discussion of ‘Sacrifice’ couched in overtly typological terms.Google Scholar
page 313 note 2 The relative strength of that Church in Scotland at that time is indicated by the number of leaflets and pamphlets which were published in Glasgow, Dundee, and Greenock.
page 313 note 3 John Macleod of Govan was a member of the Catholic Apostolic Church and had been influenced to take this course by the Sheriff of the County of Roxburgh, Dickson, and the sisters of Lord Lowe. See Leishman, J. F., Linton Leaves (Edinburgh and London, 1937), pp. 164–165.Google Scholar
page 313 note 4 Macleod, , Church, Ministry, and Sacraments, p. 93.Google Scholar
page 314 note 1 See ‘The Critical Movement in the Free Church of Scotland’ by the Rev. Professor Lindsay, The Contemporary Review, vol. XXXIII, Aug. 1878, pp. 22–34, and ‘Progress of Religious Thought in Scotland’ by Principal Tulloch, in The Contemporary Review, vol. XXIX, March 1877, pp. 535–51.
page 314 note 2 e.g. John Keble, ‘On Eucharistic Adoration’, p. 70, quoted in Owen Chadwick, The Mind of the Oxford Movement (London, 1960), p. 199. ‘Christ's Sacrifice is the one great reality, summing up in itself all the memorial sacrifices of old. In the Christian scheme, it is “proportionable” to them; and of course it stands in the same rank and relation to them, as the other antitypes in the Gospel to their several types and shadows in the law.’
page 314 note 3 See Cardale, J. B., Readings upon the Liturgy and Other Divine Services of the Church (London, 1874).Google Scholar
page 314 note 4 ‘He was reasonable in address and was seldom strained, unless when, as sometimes, he pushed Old Testament typology to its limit, and even then he was interesting and his conclusions at least were edifying.’ Quoted by Wotherspoon, H. J., James Cooper; A Memoir (London, 1926), pp. 103–104.Google Scholar
page 315 note 1 Archdeacon Philip Freeman's Principles of Divine Service, published in 1855, has the Latin inscription on the title-page Stare super antiquas vias, which would suggest that the Society's motto came not only from Jeremiah, but from the promptings of Archdeacon Freeman. He was certainly known through his work to members of the Society.
page 315 note 2 In writing to Dr G. W. Sprott in 1900, James Cooper outlined a project which the Scottish Church Society had agreed to undertake, namely the compiling of a volume on the theme ‘Worship in Spirit and in Truth’. He comments: ‘ … the book is not to be a rival to your Worship and Offices, but a sort of Scottish Freeman on the Principles of Divine Service.‘ H. J. Wotherspoon, James Cooper: A Memoir, p. 204.