Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T21:04:56.426Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Personality Patterns of Suicide Attempters: Gender Differences in Ukraine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2013

Vsevolod A. Rozanov  and
Andrey A. Mid'ko
Vsevolod A. Rozanov*
Affiliation:
Mechnikov Odessa National University (Ukraine)
Andrey A. Mid'ko
Affiliation:
Mechnikov Odessa National University (Ukraine)
*
Corresponding concerning this article should be addressed to Vsevolod A. Rozanov. Odessa National Mechnikov University, Dvoryanskaya str, 2, 65026 - Odessa (Ukraine). E-mail: rozanov@te.net.ua, vsevolod.rozanov@mail.ru
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the complete ‘pattern’ of a suicide attempter (SA) within the set of Big Five traits. Two models were used: M1, which includes the five main dimensions of Big Five in the analysis; and M2, which includes facets of those dimensions which were identified as important in M1. The study consisted of a group of SA (men – 326, women – 299) and a group of healthy volunteers (HV) (men – 143, women – 190) with a similar age range. Discriminant analysis (DA) showed that the factors most significant in discriminating the personality pattern of a male SA are (in decreasing order): (E) Extraversion, (N) Neuroticism, (C) Conscientiousness and (O) Openness; and for a female SA these factors were (E) Extraversion, (C) Conscientiousness and (A) Agreeableness. In M2 for men, the largest contribution to pattern recognition is (N3) Depression. Moreover, in M2 for men significant characteristics were (in descending order): (E6) Positive Emotions, (O1) Fantasy, (E4) Activity, and also (N2) Angry Hostility, (C3) Dutifulness, (C4) Achievement Striving, (C2) Order and (O6) Values; and for women: (E4) Activity, (C6) Deliberation, (C2) Order, (A6) Tender-Mindedness, (E5) Excitement Seeking, (E6) Positive Emotions, (C4) Achievement Striving, (A2) Straightforwardness, (C5) Self-Discipline and (E1) Warmth. Analysis of the obtained data demonstrates that suicide attempts amongst males, can largely be associated with personality variables reflecting negative emotions; while female suicide attempts are primarily associated with variables regarding activity and self-regulation.

En este estudio, se ha intentado investigar el patrón completo de un suicida potencial (SP) dentro de los rasgos del modelo Big Five. Se usaron dos modelos: M1 que incluía las cinco dimensiones del modelo en el análisis; y M2, que incluía aspectos de aquéllas dimensiones consideradas relevantes en M1. El estudio estaba compuesto por un grupo de SP (326 hombres y 299 mujeres) y un grupo de voluntarios sanos (143 hombres y 190 mujeres) con un rango de edad similar. El análisis discriminante, mostró que los factores más significativos en la discriminación de los patrones de personalidad de un hombre (SP) eran (en orden decreciente): (E) Extraversión; (N) Neuroticismo; (C) Conciencia; y (O) franqueza; y para una mujer (SP): (E) Extraversión; (C) Conciencia; y (A) Agradabilidad. En M2 para hombres, la mayor contribución al patrón de reconocimiento fue (N3) Depresión. Es más, en M2 para hombres las características significativas fueron (en orden descendiente): (E6) Emociones positivas; (O) Fantasía; (E4) Actividad; y también (N2) Enfado-hostilidad; (C3) Obediencia; (C4) Consecución de logro; (C2) Orden; y (O6) Valores; y para mujeres (E4) Actividad; (C6) Deliberación; (C2) Orden; (A6) Ingenuidad; (E5) Búsqueda de sensaciones; E6) Emociones positivas; (C4) Consecución de logro; (A2) Franqueza; (C5) Autodisciplina y (E1) Calidez. El análisis de los datos obtenidos demuestra que el intento de suicidio entre hombres puede, perfectamente, asociarse con variables de personalidad que reflejan emociones negativas; mientras que las mujeres que intentan suicidarse suelen asociarse con variables referidas a la actividad y la auto-regulación.

Keywords

suicidepersonality traitsBig Fivegender differencesdiscriminant analysissuicidiorasgos de personalidadBig Fivediferencias de géneroanálisis discriminante
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , November 2011 , pp. 693 - 700
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allport, G. W. (1966). Traits revisited. American Psychologist, 21, 1–10. doi:10.1037/h0023295CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chioqueta, A. P., & Stiles, T. C. (2005). Personality traits and the development of depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation, Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 1283–1291. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.08.010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1990). Personality disorders and the five factor model of personality. Journal of Personality Disorders, 4, 362–371. doi:10.1521/pedi.1990.4.4.362CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). NEO RI-R. Professional Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc.Google Scholar
DeYoung, C. G., Hasher, L., Djikic, M., Criger, B., & Peterson, J. B. (2007). Morning people are stable people: Circadian rhythm and the higher-order factors of the Big Five. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 267–276. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.11.030CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farber, M. L. (1968). Theory of Suicide. New York, NY: Funk & Wagnalls.Google Scholar
Freud, S. (1917). Mourning and melancholia. (Reprinted 1953-1974 in the Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, (Vol. 14). London, UK: Hogarth Press.Google Scholar
Furnham, A., & Brewin, C. R. (1990). Personality and happiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 11, 1093–1096. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(90).90138-HCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gunnell, D., Rasul, F., Stansfeld, S. A., Hart, C. L., & Davey Smith, G. (2002). Gender differences in self-reported minor mental disorder and its association with suicide. A 20-year follow-up of the Renfrew and Paisley cohort. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 37, 457–459. doi:10.1007/s00127-002-0579-yCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayes, N., & Joseph, S. (2003). Big 5 correlates of three measures of subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 723–727. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02).00057-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2001). Happiness, introversion-extraversion and happy introverts. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 595–608. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00).00058-1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kardum, I., & Krapic, N. (2001). Personality traits, stressful life events, and coping styles in early adolescence. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 503–515. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00).00041-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knight, M. T. D., Furnham, A. F., & Lester, D. (2000). Lay theories of suicide, Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 453–457. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(99).00205-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. New York, NY: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Musek, J. (2007). A general factor of personality: Evidence for the Big One in the five-factor model. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 1213–1233. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2007.02.003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pervin, L. A., & John, O. P. (2001). Personality: Theory and Research (8th ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Pollock, L. R., & Williams, J. M. G. (1998). Problem solving and suicidal behavior. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 28, 375–387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rozanov, V. A., Zakharov, S. E., Zhuzhulenko, P. N., & Krivda, G. F. (2009). Dannye monitoringa suitsidalnyh popytok v g. Odessa za period 2001-2005 gg [Suicide attempts monitoring data in Odessa in 2001-2005]. Sotsialnaya i Klinicheskaya Psychiatriya [Social and Clinical Psychiatry], 19(2), 35–41.Google Scholar
Sokolova, H. T., & Sotnikova, Y. A. (2006). Problema suitsida: kliniko-psyhologicheskiy rakurs [The problem of suicide: clinical-psychological perspectives]. Voprosy Psyshologii, 2, 103–115.Google Scholar
Useda, J. D., Duberstein, P. R., Conner, K. R., Beckman, A., Franus, N., Tu, X., & Conwell, Y. (2007). Personality differences in attempted suicide versus suicide in adults 50 years of age or older. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 126–133. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.75.1.126CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Velting, D. M. (1999). Suicidal ideation and the five-factor modelof personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 27, 943–952. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(99).00046-XCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vollrath, M., & Torgersen, S. (2000). Personality types and coping. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 367–378. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(99).00199-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, J. M. G., & Dritschel, B.H. (1988). Emotional disturbance and the specificity of autobiographical memory. Cognition and Emotion, 2, 221–234. doi:10.1080/02699938808410925CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wasserman, D., Geijer, T., Rozanov, V., & Wasserman, J. (2005). Suicide attempt and basic mechanisms in neural conduction: relationships to the SCN8A and VAMP4 genes. American Journal of Medical Genetics, B Neuropsychiatric Genetics. 133B, 116–119. doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30128CrossRefGoogle Scholar