Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T02:46:00.514Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Disability Profile/Clinician-Rated: Validity for Brazilian University Students with Social Anxiety Disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2013

Luciene Vaccaro de Morais Abumusse
Affiliation:
University of São Paulo (Brazil)
Flávia L. Osório*
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Translacional (Brazil)
José Alexandre S. Crippa
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Translacional (Brazil)
Sonia Regina Loureiro
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Translacional (Brazil)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Flávia de Lima Osório. Hospital das Clínicas. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 3° andar. Ribeirão Preto (Brazil). CEP: 14048-900. Phone: +55-1636022201/36022703. Fax: +55-1636022544. E-mail: flaliosorio@ig.com.br

Abstract

Functional impairment scales are important to assess Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) patients. The present study aims to evaluate the reliability, internal consistency, validity and factorial structure of the Disability Profile/Clinician-Rate (DP) scale, as well as to present an interview-guide to support its application by clinicians. University students (n = 173) of both genders participated in the study (SAD = 84 and Non-SAD = 89), with ages ranging between 17 and 35 years, systematically diagnosed. The SAD group presented more difficulties when compared to the Non-SAD group. The DP presented, for the SAD group, internal consistency of 0.68 (lifetime) and 0.67 (last two weeks). Inter-rater reliability varied from 0.75 to 0.93. Two factors were extracted and the correlation among such factors and the Social Phobia Inventory subscales presented association between fear and avoidance symptoms and the functional impairments. The scale presents good psychometric properties and can contribute to the assessment of functional impairments.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

SRL and JASC are recipients of CNPq Productivity Awards.

References

American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4 rd ed.) Washingtonn, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Brunello, N., Den, Boer, , J. A., Judd, L. L., Kasper, S., Kelsey, J. E., Lader, M., ... Wittchen, H. U. (2000). Social Phobia: diagnosis and epidemiology, neurobiology and pharmacology, comorbidity and treatment. Journal of Affective Disorders, 60, 6174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00140-8 Google Scholar
Connor, K. M., Davidson, J. R. T., Churchill, L. E., Sherwood, A., Foa, E., & Weisler, R. H. (2000). Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN): New self-rating scale. British Journal of Psychiatry, 176, 379386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.176.4.379 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Connor, K. M., Kobak, K. A., Churchill, L. E., Katzelnick, D., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2001). Mini-Spin: A brief screening assessment for generalized social anxiety disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 14, 137140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.1055 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crippa, J. A. (2009). Does social phobia remain the ‘Ugly Duckling’ of anxiety disorders? Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 31, 297299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462009000400002 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crippa, J. A. S., Osório, F. L., Del-Ben, C. M., Santos-Filho, A., Freitas, M. C., & Loureiro, S. R. (2008). Comparability between telephone and face-to face structured clinical interview for DSM–IV in assessing social anxiety disorder. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 44, 241247 Google Scholar
Crippa, J. A., Sanches, R. F., Hallak, J. E., Loureiro, S. R., & Zuardi, A. W. (2001). A structured Interview guide increases Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale reliability in raters with low clinical experience. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 103, 465470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00185.x Google Scholar
Davidson, J. R., Hughes, D. L., George, L. K., & Blazer, D. G. (1993). The epidemiology of social phobia: findings from the Duke Epidemiological Catchment Area Study. Psychological Medicine, 23, 709718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700025484 Google Scholar
Del-Ben, C. M., Vilela, J. A. A., Crippa, J. A., Hallak, J. E. C., Labate, C. M., & Zuardi, A. W. (2001). Test-retest reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV – Clinical version (SCID-CV) translated into Portuguese. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 23, 156159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462001000300008 Google Scholar
Filho, A. S., Hetem, L. A. B., Ferrari, M. C. F., Trzesniak, C., Martín-Santos, R., Borduqui, T., ... Crippa, J. A. S. (2010). Social anxiety disorder: What are we losing with the current diagnostic criteria? Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 121, 216226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01459.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. (1997). Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders–clinician version (SCID-CV). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.Google Scholar
Furmark, T. (2000). Social phobia. Uppsala, Sweden: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.Google Scholar
Hambrick, J. P., Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Schneier, F. R., & Liebowitz, M. R. (2003). The experience of disability and quality of life in social anxiety disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 18, 4650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.10110 Google Scholar
Hambrick, J. P., Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Schneier, F. R., & Liebowitz, M. R. (2004) Psychometric properties of disability measures among patients with social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 18, 825839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2003.10.004 Google Scholar
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 3136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, R. C. (2003). The impairment caused by social phobia in the general population: Implications for intervention. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 108, 1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.108.s417.2.x Google Scholar
Mendlowicz, M. V., & Stein, M. B. (2000). Quality of life in individuals with anxiety disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 669682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.5.669 Google Scholar
Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A., & Loureiro, S. R. (2006). Cross-cultural validation of the Brief Social Phobia Scale for use in Portuguese and the development of a structured interview guide. Revista Brasileira de Psiquatria, 28, 212217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462006000300014 Google Scholar
Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. S., & Loureiro, S. R. (2007). A study of the discriminative validity of a screening tool (MINI-SPIN) for social anxiety disorder applied to Brazilian university students. European Psychiatry, 22, 239243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.003 Google Scholar
Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. S., & Loureiro, S. R. (2009). Cross-cultural validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN): Study of the items and internal consistency. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 31, 2529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462008005000018 Google Scholar
Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. S., & Loureiro, S. R. (2010a). Study of the psychometric qualities of a brief screening tool for social phobia (MINI-SPIN) Applied to clinical and non-clinical samples. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 46, 266278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6163.2010.00261.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. S., & Loureiro, S. R. (2010b). Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory in university students. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 51, 630640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.03.004 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Safren, S. A., Heinberg, R. G., Brown, E. J., & Holle, C. (1996–1997). Quality of life in social phobia. Depression and Anxiety, 4, 126133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6394(1996)4:3<126::AID-DA5>3.3.CO;2-E 3.0.CO;2-E>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schneier, F. R., Heckelman, L. R., Garfinkel, R., Campeas, R., Fallon, B. A., Gitow, A., … Liebowitz, M. R. (1994). Functional impairment in social phobia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55, 322331.Google Scholar
Stein, M. B., & Kean, Y. M. (2000) Disability and quality of life in social phobia: Epidemiologic findings. American of Journal Psychiatry, 157, 16061613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.10.1606 Google Scholar
Stein, M. B., & Stein, D. J. (2008). Social anxiety disorder. Lancet, 29, 11151125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60488-2 Google Scholar
Wittchen, H. U., & Beloch, E. (1996). The impact of social phobia on quality of life. International Clinical. Psychopharmacology, 11, 1523.Google Scholar
Wittchen, H. U., & Fehm, L. (2003). Epidemiology and natural course of social fears and social phobia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 108, 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.108.s417.1.x Google Scholar
Wittchen, H. U., Fuetsch, M., Sonntag, H., Müller, N., & Liebowitz, M. (2000). Disability and quality of life in pure and comorbid social phobia: Findings from a controlled study. European Psychiatry, 15, 4658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(00)00211-X Google Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO) (1993). Classificação de transtornos mentais e de comportamento da CID-10: Descrições clínicas e diretrizes diagnósticas. [The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines] Porto Alegre, Brazil: Artmed.Google Scholar