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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 May 2016
The effects of planetary systems around pre-AGB and AGB stars on their pulsations, optical spectra and on the shape of future planetary nebulae are discussed. The physical phenomena considered include include gas drag on the planet embedded in the ever denser circumstellar gas of a red giant and shock waves arising. intensity of the H2O The lack of variability in many red giants may be due to their low metallicity and absence of planetary systems around them.