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Investigations into the Growth Suppressing Effect of Nicosulfuron-Treated Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) on Corn (Zea mays)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Nagabhushana G. Gubbiga ,
A. Douglas Worsham  and
Frederick T. Corbin
Nagabhushana G. Gubbiga
Affiliation:
Crop Sci. Dep., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
A. Douglas Worsham
Affiliation:
Crop Sci. Dep., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Frederick T. Corbin
Affiliation:
Crop Sci. Dep., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
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Abstract

Greenhouse and growth chamber experiments were conducted to determine the reasons for stunted growth and yield suppression of corn noticed sometimes in nicosulfuron-treated corn fields infested with heavy population of johnsongrass. Results indicated that in the absence of johnsongrass, nicosulfuron applied broadcast POST at 35 g ai ha−1 had no effect on corn. However, growth reduction of corn occurred when nicosulfuron-treated johnsongrass and corn were allowed to share the same rooting medium with their root systems intermingled. The reduction in growth was even greater when corn foliage or the soil surface were also treated with johnsongrass. The extent of growth reduction of corn growing with nicosulfuron-killed johnsongrass depended on weed density and herbicide application rate. Greater growth reductions occurred at four johnsongrass plants per pot compared to two and at a higher application rate of 100 μg nicosulfuron per plant. In general, johnsongrass killed by nicosulfuron appeared to be more phytotoxic to corn than plants killed by paraquat. Nicosulfuron provided excellent control of johnsongrass and improved corn growth by two to three times that of not controlling johnsongrass, but it could not elevate corn growth to the level obtained when johnsongrass was controlled by paraquat or in the absence of interference from johnsongrass.

Keywords

Nicosulfuron, 2-[[[[(4, 6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamideparaquat, 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ionjohnsongrass, Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers. ♯ SORHAcorn, Zea mays L. ‘DeKalb 689.’Allelopathyfoliar uptakeherbicide ratejohnsongrass densitypost-directedpostemergenceroot exudation and transferroot uptakeSORHA
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 44 , Issue 3 , September 1996 , pp. 640 - 644
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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