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Total Nonstructural Carbohydrate Trends in Deeproot Sedge (Cyperus entrerianus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jonathan R. King ,
Warren C. Conway ,
David J. Rosen ,
Brian P. Oswald  and
Hans M. Williams
Jonathan R. King
Affiliation:
Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962
Warren C. Conway*
Affiliation:
Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962
David J. Rosen
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Lee College, Baytown, TX 77522
Brian P. Oswald
Affiliation:
Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962
Hans M. Williams
Affiliation:
Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: wconway@sfasu.edu
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Abstract

Native to temperate South America, deeproot sedge has naturalized throughout the southeastern United States. Often forming dense, homogenous stands, deeproot sedge has become widespread, invasive, and potentially harmful ecologically throughout the coastal prairie ecoregion of Texas. Possessing characteristics (rapid growth, generalized habitat requirements) of other weedy congeners (purple nutsedge and yellow nutsedge), its relatively recent expansion highlights the critical need to develop effective control techniques and strategies for this species throughout this endangered ecoregion. Research was performed to delineate total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) trends in deeproot sedge rhizomes for development of a phenologically based schedule for herbicide applications and mechanical treatments. Overall, TNC levels were greatest in May to August and lowest from October to January, regardless of study area. Apparently, deeproot sedge exerts little energy into seed production because TNC levels were continually replenished throughout the growing season. As such, foliar-herbicide application throughout the growing season should achieve total plant kill. Conversely, deeproot sedge rhizome TNC levels never fell below 30%, even during winter, which indicates that winter mechanical treatments or winter prescribed fires will not be effective because substantial rhizome reserves are present to support resprouting during the next growing season. Beyond a priori prevention, sequential herbicide applications combined with integrated, sequential, prescribed fire and herbicide treatments will be needed for long-term deeproot sedge control throughout its geographic range.

Keywords

Deeproot sedge, Cyperus entrerianus Boeckpurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus Lyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus LCyperus entrerianusdeeproot sedgeherbicide timinginvasivenativenonstructural carbohydratesTexas Coastal Prairietranslocation
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 62 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 186 - 192
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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