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Distribution of Herbicide-Resistant Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Arkansas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Dennis B. Johnson ,
Jason K. Norsworthy  and
Robert C. Scott
Dennis B. Johnson*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Jason K. Norsworthy
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Robert C. Scott
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Lonoke, Box 357, AR 72086
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: dbj03@uark.edu.
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Abstract

In 2008, a population of johnsongrass collected from a soybean field near West Memphis, AR, in Crittenden County was confirmed resistant to glyphosate. This was the first documented case of glyphosate-resistant johnsongrass in Arkansas. The purpose of this study was to determine the geographical distribution of glyphosate-resistant johnsongrass in Arkansas crops and screen for resistance to additional herbicides. A total of 141 johnsongrass accessions were collected from 14 counties in Arkansas in the fall of 2008, 2009, and 2010 and screened for resistance to four of the most commonly used POST herbicides for johnsongrass control—imazethapyr, glyphosate, clethodim, and fluazifop. One accession potentially resistant to glyphosate (J12) and another with apparent resistance to imazethapyr (J14) were further evaluated in a dose–response experiment. The lethal dose required to kill 50% of the plants from the putative glyphosate-resistant and imazethapyr-resistant accessions was higher than that of a biotype known to be susceptible to these herbicides. The J12 accession had an LD50 of 1,741 g ae ha−1 glyphosate, which was 8.5-fold greater than the susceptible biotype. The J14 accession had an LD50 of 73 g ai ha−1 imazethapyr, which was 3.7-fold greater than the LD50 of the susceptible biotype. All other accessions were effectively controlled by the four evaluated herbicides. Widespread herbicide-resistant johnsongrass was not found in Arkansas, although accession J12 was resistant to glyphosate and J14 resistant to imazethapyr.

En 2008, se confirmó que una población de Sorghum halepense proveniente de un campo de soya cerca de Memphis Oeste, AR, en el condado Crittenden, era resistente a glyphosate. Este fue el primer caso documentado de S. halepense resistente a glyphosate en Arkansas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la distribución geográfica de S. halepense resistente a glyphosate en cultivos en Arkansas y evaluar la resistencia a otros herbicidas. Un total de 141 accesiones de S. halepense fueron colectadas en 14 condados en Arkansas en el otoño de 2008, 2009, y 2010 y fueron evaluadas por resistencia a cuatro de los herbicidas POST más comunes usados para el control de S. halepense: imazethapyr, glyphosate, clethodim, y fluazifop. Una accesión potencialmente resistente a glyphosate (J12) y otra con resistencia aparente a imazethapyr (J14) fueron evaluadas en más detalle en un experimento de respuesta a dosis. La dosis letal para matar 50% de las plantas (LD50) de las accesiones con resistencia putativa a glyphosate e imazethapyr fue mayor que la de un biotipo con susceptibilidad conocida a estos herbicidas. La accesión J12 tuvo una LD50 de 1,741 g ae ha−1 de glyphosate, la cual fue 8.5 veces mayor que la del biotipo susceptible. La accesión J14 tuvo una LD50 de 73 g ai ha−1 de imazethapyr, la cual fue 3.7 veces mayor que la LD50 del biotipo susceptible. Todas las otras accesiones fueron controladas efectivamente por los cuatro herbicidas evaluados. No se encontró que S. halepense resistente a herbicidas esté ampliamente distribuido en Arkansas, aunque la accesión J12 fue resistente a glyphosate y la J14 fue resistente a imazethapyr.

Keywords

Clethodimfluazifopglyphosateimazethapyrjohnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Perssoybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrGlyphosate resistancemortalityweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 111 - 121
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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