Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T01:52:09.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluating Groundwater Contamination Potential from herbicide use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Ralph A. Leonard  and
Walter G. Knisel
Ralph A. Leonard
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Southeast Watershed Res. Lab., Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., P. O. Box 946, Tifton, GA 31793
Walter G. Knisel
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Southeast Watershed Res. Lab., Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., P. O. Box 946, Tifton, GA 31793
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Potential herbicide loadings to groundwater are determined by soil, chemical, management, and climatic factors. Several simple assessment procedures to rank pesticides according to their potential impact on groundwater are available. Most of these procedures are not specific to any climatic region, cropping practice, or soil. Using a continuous simulation model, GLEAMS (Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems), to assess potential herbicide leaching allows more condition-specific assessment. Simple relationships for relative comparisons in a specific soil/climatic setting were developed by relating simulated 50-yr mean leaching losses to the herbicide half-life/Koc ratio. Other criteria of herbicide leaching potential such as 50-yr maxima or other values based on probability distributions could be used. Although differences in soils were demonstrated in this exercise, the same procedures could be applied to different management systems.

Keywords

Water qualitypollutionmodels
Type
Symposium
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 2 , Issue 2 , April 1988 , pp. 207 - 216
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Aller, L., Truman, B., Lehr, J. H., and Petty, R. J. 1985. DRASTIC: A standardized system for evaluating groundwater pollution potential using hydrogeologic settings. U. S. Environ. Prot. Agency. EPA/600/2-85/018. Washington, DC.Google Scholar
2. Briggs, G. G. 1981. Theoretical and experimental relationships between soil adsorption, octanol-water partition coefficient, water solubilities, bioconcentration factors, and the parachor. J. Agric. Food Chem. 29:1050–1059.Google Scholar
3. Carsel, R. F., Smith, C. N., Mulkey, L. A., Dean, J. D., and Jowise, P. 1984. User's manual for the pesticide root zone model (PRZM). Release 1. U. S. Environ. Prot. Agency. EPA/600/3-84/109. Washington, DC.Google Scholar
4. Cohen, S. Z., Carsel, R. F., Creeger, S. M., and Enfield, G. G. 1984. Potential for pesticide contamination of groundwater resulting from agricultural uses. p. 297–325 in Krueger, F. F. and Seiker, J. N., ed. Treatment and Dispersal of Pesticide Wastes. Am. Chem. Soc. Google Scholar
5. DelVecchio, J. R., Knisel, W. G., and Ferreira, V. A. 1983. The impact of irrigation on pollutant loads. Proc., Am. Soc. Civil Eng., Specialty Conference on Advances in Irrigation and Drainage: Surviving External Pressures. Jackson, WY, July 20–22, 1983. p. 113–123.Google Scholar
6. Donigian, A. S., Imhoff, J. C., and Bicknell, B. R. 1983. Predicting water quality resulting from agricultural nonpoint source pollution via simulation. HSPF. p. 200–249 in Schaller, F. W. and Bailey, G. W., ed. Agricultural Management and Water Quality. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames.Google Scholar
7. Gish, T. J., Helling, C. S., and Kearney, P. C. 1986. Simultaneous leaching of bromide and atrazine under field conditions. p. 286–297 in Agricultural Impacts on Ground Water – A Conference, Aug. 11–13, 1986, Omaha, NE. National Water Well Assoc. Dublin, OH.Google Scholar
8. Helling, C. S. 1986. Agricultural pesticides and groundwater quality. p. 161–175 in Agricultural Impacts on Groundwater A Conference. Aug. 11–13, 1986, Omaha, NE. National Water Well Assoc., Dublin, OH.Google Scholar
9. Hicks, D. W., Asmussen, L. E., and Perkins, H. F. 1987. Soil and geohydrologic relations on a southern Coastal Plain watershed. Agron. Abstr. 1987 Annual Mtg., p. 27.Google Scholar
10. Jury, W. A., Spencer, W. F., and Farmer, W. J. 1984. Behavior assessment model for trace organics in soil: III. Application of screening model. J. Environ. Qual. 13:573–579.Google Scholar
11. Kearney, P. C., and Kaufman, D., ed. 1976. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action, 2nd Edition. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York.Google Scholar
12. Kenaga, E. E., and Goring, C.A.I. 1980. Relationship between water solubility, soil sorption, octanol-water partitioning, and bioconcentration of chemicals in biota. p. 78–115 in Eaton, J. C., ed. Aquatic Toxicology. ASTM STP 707. Am. Soc. Testing Materials, Philadelphia, PA.Google Scholar
13. Knisel, W. G., ed. 1980. CREAMS: A field-scale model for Chemical, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems. U. S. Dep. Agric., Sci. Educ. Adm., Conserv. Rep. No. 26.Google Scholar
14. Knisel, W. G., and Leonard, R. A. 1988. Representative climatic record for pesticide runoff and leaching simulations. Environ, J. Health Sci., Part B. Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. (In press).Google Scholar
15. Knisel, W. G., Foster, G. R., and Leonard, R. A. 1983. CREAMS: A system for evaluating management practices. p. 178–199 in Shaller, F. W. and Bailey, G. W., ed. Agricultural Management and Water Quality. Iowa State Univ. Press. Ames.Google Scholar
16. Laskowski, D. A., Goring, C.A.I., McCall, P. J., and Swann, R. L. 1982. Terrestrial environment. p. 198–240 in Conway, R. A., ed. Environmental Risk Anysis for Chemicals. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.Google Scholar
17. Lee, C. C., Green, R. E., and Apt, W. J. 1986. Transformation and adsorption of fenamiphos, F. sulfoxide, and F. sulfone in Molakai soil and simulated movement with irrigation. J. Contam. Hydrol. 1:211–225.Google Scholar
18. Leonard, R. A. 1988. Herbicides in surface waters, p. 45–87 in Grover, R., ed. Environmental Chemistry of Herbicides, Chap. 5. CRC Publishing Co., Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
19. Leonard, R. A., and Knisel, W. G. 1988. Can pesticide transport models be validated using field data: Now and in the future? J. Environ. Health Sci., Part B. Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. (In press).Google Scholar
20. Leonard, R. A. and Wauchope, R. D. 1980. The pesticide submodel. p. 88–112 in Knisel, W. G., ed. CREAMS: A field-scale model for Chemicals, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems. U. S. Dep. Agric., Sci. Educ. Adm., Conserv. Res. Rep. No. 26.Google Scholar
21. Leonard, R. A., Knisel, W. G., and Still, D. A. 1987. GLEAMS: Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems. Trans. ASAE 30:1403–1418.Google Scholar
22. Lorber, M. N., and Mulkey, L. A. 1982. An evaluation of three runoff loading models. J. Environ. Qual. 11:519–529.Google Scholar
23. Mills, W. C., and Leonard, R. A. 1985. Pesticide pollution probabilities. Trans. ASAE 27:1704–1710.Google Scholar
24. Nash, R. G. 1980. Dissipation rate of pesticides from soils. Chap. 17, p. 506–594 in CREAMS: A field-scale model for Chemicals, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems. Knisel, W. G., ed. U. S. Dep. Agric. Conserv. Res. Rept. 26.Google Scholar
25. National Research Council. 1986. Pesticides and groundwater quality: Issues and problems in four states. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
26. Nicholls, P. H., Briggs, G. G., and Evans, A. A. 1984. The influence of water solubility on the movement and degradation of simazine in a fallow soil. Weed Res. 24:37–49.Google Scholar
27. Nicks, A. D., Burt, J. B., Knisel, W. G., and Gander, G. A. 1984. Application of a field-scale water quality model for evaluation of a watershed land treatment project. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., Winter Mtg., New Orleans, LA, Dec 11–14, 1984. Paper No. 84-2633.Google Scholar
28. Nofzinger, D. L., and Hornsby, A. G. 1985. Chemical movement in soils: IBM PC User's Guide. FL Coop. Ext. Serv. Circ. No. 654. Univ. FL, Gainesville.Google Scholar
29. Potter, W. D. 1949. Simplification of the Gumbel method for computing probability curves. USDA-Soil Conserv. Serv., SCS-TP-78.Google Scholar
30. Rao, P.S.C., and Davidson, J. M. 1980. Estimation of pesticide retention and transformation parameters required in nonpoint source pollution models. p. 23–67 in Overcash, M. R. and Davidson, J. M., eds. Environmental Impact of Nonpoint Source Pollution. Ann Arbor Science Publ. Inc., Ann Arbor, MI.Google Scholar
31. Rao, P.S.C., Berkheiser, V. E., and Ou, L. T. 1983. Estimation of parameters for modeling the behavior of selected pesticides and orthophosphates. U. S. Environ. Prot. Agency EPA/600/3-84/019. Athens, GA.Google Scholar
32. Rao, P.S.C., Hornsby, A. G., and Jessup, R. E. 1985. Indices for ranking the potential for pesticide contamination of groundwater. Soil Crop Sci. Soc. FL Proc. 44:1–8.Google Scholar
33. Rawls, W. J., and Brakensiek, D. L. 1986. Comparison between Green-Ampt and curve number runoff predictions. Trans. ASAE 29:1597–1599.Google Scholar
34. Wagenet, R. J., and Hutson, J. L. 1986. Predicting the fate of nonvolatile pesticides in the unsaturated zone. J. Environ. Qual. 15:315–322.Google Scholar
35. Wauchope, R. D. 1978. The pesticide content of surface water draining from agricultural fields: A review. J. Environ. Qual. 7:459–472.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
36. Wauchope, R. D., and Leonard, R. A. 1980. Maximum pesticide concentrations in agricultural runoff: A semiempirical formula. J. Environ. Qual. 9:665–672.Google Scholar
37. Willis, G. H., and McDowell, L. L. 1987. Pesticide persistence on foliage. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. Reviews 100:23–73.Google Scholar
38. Yalkowsky, S. H. 1977. Solubility and melting point considerations in drug design. p. 392–408 in Roche, E. B., ed. Design of Biopharmaceutical Properties Through Prodrugs and Analogs. Am. Pharm. Assoc., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
39. Yevjevich, V. M. 1972. Probability and statistics in hydrology. Water Resources Publications, Ft. Collins, CO.Google Scholar