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Evaluation of Herbicide Timings for Palmer Amaranth Control in a Stale Seedbed Sweetpotato Production System

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Lauren B. Coleman ,
Sushila Chaudhari ,
Katherine M. Jennings ,
Jonathan R. Schultheis ,
Stephen L. Meyers  and
David W. Monks
Lauren B. Coleman
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Sushila Chaudhari
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Katherine M. Jennings
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Jonathan R. Schultheis*
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Stephen L. Meyers
Affiliation:
North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Pontotoc, MS 38863
David W. Monks
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
*
∗Corresponding author's E-mail: schaudh@nsu.edu
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Abstract

Studies were conducted in a stale field production system in 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of herbicide timing on Palmer amaranth control and ‘Covington’ sweetpotato yield and quality. Treatments consisted of flumioxazin at 72, 90, or 109 g ai ha−1 applied 45 d before transplanting (DBT) or 1 DBT, or sequentially the same rate at 45 DBT followed by (fb) 1 DBT; flumioxazin 109 g ha−1 applied 1 DBT fb S-metolachlor (800 g ai ha−1) at 0, 6 (± 1), or 10 d after treatment (DAT); flumioxazin at 72, 90, or 109 g ha−1 plus clomazone (630 g ai ha−1) applied 45 DBT fb S-metolachlor (800 g ha−1) applied 10 DAT; and fomesafen alone at 280 g ai ha−1 applied 45 DBT. Nontreated weed-free and weedy controls were included for comparison. Flumioxazin application time had a significant effect on Palmer amaranth control and sweetpotato yields, and the effect of flumioxazin rate was not significant. Treatments consisting of sequential application of flumioxazin 45 DBT fb 1 DBT or flumioxazin plus clomazone 45 DBT fb S-metolachlor 10 DAT provided the maximum Palmer amaranth control and sweetpotato yields (jumbo, No. 1, jumbo plus No. 1, marketable) among all treatments. Delayed flumioxazin application timings until 1 DBT allowed Palmer amaranth emergence on stale seedbeds and resulted only in 65, 62, 48, and 17% control at 14, 32, 68, and 109 DAT, respectively. POST transplant S-metolachlor applications following flumioxazin 1 DBT did not improve Palmer amaranth control, because the majority of Palmer amaranth emerged prior to S-metolachlor application. A control program consisting of flumioxazin 109 g ha−1 plus clomazone 630 g ha−1 at 45 DBT fb S-metolachlor 800 g ha−1 at 0 to 10 DAT provides an effective herbicide program for Palmer amaranth control in stale seedbed production systems in North Carolina sweetpotato.

En 2012 y 2013, se realizaron estudios en el sistema de producción en campo con siembra retrasada para determinar el efecto del momento de aplicación de herbicidas sobre el control de A. palmeri y el rendimiento y calidad de la batata ‘Covington’. Los tratamientos consistieron de flumioxazin a 72, 90, ó 109 g ai ha−1 aplicados 45 d antes del trasplante (DBT) o 1 DBT, o secuencialmente con la misma dosis a 45 DBT seguido por (fb) 1 DBT; flumioxazin 109 g ha−1 aplicados 1 DBT fb S-metolachlor (800 g ai ha−1) a 0, 6 (±1), ó 10 d después del tratamiento (DAT); flumioxazin a 72, 90, ó 109 g ha−1 más clomazone (630 g ai ha−1) aplicado 45 DBT fb S-metolachlor (800 g ha−1) aplicado 10 DAT; y fomesafen solo a 280 g ai ha−1 aplicado 45 DBT. Testigos sin tratamiento con y sin malezas fueron incluidos para fines de comparación. El momento de aplicación de flumioxazin tuvo un efecto significativo sobre el control de A. palmeri y los rendimientos de la batata, pero el efecto de la dosis de flumioxazin no fue significativo. Los tratamientos que consistían de aplicaciones secuenciales de flumioxazin 45 DBT fb 1 DBT o flumioxazin más clomazone 45 DBT fb S-metolachlor 10 DAT brindaron el máximo control de A. palmeri y los mayores rendimientos (jumbo, No. 1, jumbo plus No. 1, comercializable) entre todos los tratamientos. El retrasar el momento de aplicación de flumioxazin hasta 1 DBT permitió la emergencia de A. palmeri en las camas de siembra y resultó solamente en 65, 62, 48, y 17% de control a 14, 32, 68, y 109 DAT, respectivamente. Las aplicaciones POST trasplante de S-metolachlor después de flumioxazin 1 DBT no mejoraron el control de A. palmeri, porque la mayoría de las plantas de esta maleza emergieron antes de la aplicación de S-metolachlor. Un programa de control que consista de flumioxazin 109 g ha−1 más clomazone 630 g ha−1 a 45 DBT fb S-metolachlor 800 g ha−1 a 0 a 10 DAT brinda un programa efectivo de control de A. palmeri en sistemas de producción de siembra retrasada en camas de batata en North Carolina.

Keywords

Clomazoneflumioxazinfomesafen, S-metolachlor, Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPAsweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas L. Lam. ‘Covington’Weed controlyield loss
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 3 , September 2016 , pp. 725 - 732
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: W. Carroll Johnson III, USDA-ARS.

References

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