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Influence of Environmental Factors on Seed Germination and Emergence of Asia Minor Bluegrass (Polypogon fugax)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Lifeng Wang ,
Su Jin ,
Lamei Wu ,
Xiaomao Zhou ,
Xiangying Liu  and
Lianyang Bai
Lifeng Wang
Affiliation:
Biotechnology Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan Loudi, China
Su Jin
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
Lamei Wu
Affiliation:
Biotechnology Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan Loudi, China
Xiaomao Zhou
Affiliation:
Biotechnology Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan Loudi, China
Xiangying Liu
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
Lianyang Bai*
Affiliation:
Biotechnology Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan Loudi, China
*
Corresponding authors' E-mails: lxy525525@163.com and bailianyang2005@aliyun.com.
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Abstract

Asia minor bluegrass (AmB) is a major weed impacting rapeseed production in Dongting Lake District, China. Growth chamber experiments were conducted to determine the influence of environmental factors on germination and emergence of AmB. The optimum constant temperature for germination was around 20 C. Seeds showed germination percentages above 60% under 22/15 and 24/19 C day/night temperature regimes. Seeds could germinate in the dark, but light exposure significantly enhanced the germination percentage. More than 50% of seeds germinated over a pH range between 4 and 10. Seeds were highly sensitive to osmotic stress, and germination was completely inhibited at an osmotic potential of −0.4 MPa, indicating that it was favored by a moist environment. Increasing salinity reduced germination of AmB seeds from 58% at 0 mM to 13% at 80 mM NaCl. The highest seedling emergence (62%) was observed when seeds were placed on the soil surface, and no seedlings emerged from seeds placed at a depth of 5 cm. This work shows that the climate and soil conditions in Dongting Lake District are suitable for AmB seed germination and that no-till fields, where seeds remain on the soil surface, promote the successful establishment of the weed.

Polypogon fugax (AmB) es una maleza importante que impacta la producción de colza en el distrito Lago Dongting, China. Se realizaron experimentos en cámaras de crecimiento para determinar la influencia de factores ambientales en la germinación y emergencia de AmB. La temperatura constante óptima para la germinación fue alrededor de 20 C. Las semillas mostraron porcentajes de germinación superiores a 60% con regímenes de temperatura de 22/15 y 24/19 C día/noche. Las semillas pudieron germinar en la oscuridad, pero la exposición a la luz mejoró significativamente el porcentaje de germinación. Más del 50% de las semillas germinaron en un rango de pH entre 4 y 10. Las semillas fueron muy sensibles al estrés osmótico y la germinación fue completamente inhibida a un potencial osmótico de −0.4 MPa, indicando que la germinación fue favorecida en un ambiente húmedo. El aumentar la salinidad redujo la germinación de las semillas de AmB desde 58% con 0mM a 13% con 80 mM NaCl. La mayor emergencia de plántulas (62%) fue observada cuando las semillas fueron puestas sobre la superficie del suelo, y ninguna plántula emergió cuando las semillas fueron puestas a una profundidad de 5 cm. Este trabajo muestra que el clima y las condiciones de suelo en el distrito Lago Dongting son favorables para la germinación de semillas de AmB y que los campos con labranza cero, donde la semilla permanece sobre la superficie del suelo, promueven el establecimiento exitoso de esta maleza.

Keywords

Asia minor bluegrass, Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud.rapeseed, Brassica napus L.Burial depthlightosmotic stresspHsalt stresstemperature
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 533 - 538
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Associate Editor for this paper: Bradley Hanson, University of California, Davis.

References

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