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Efficacy of PRE and POST Herbicides for Control of Citron Melon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Analiza Henedina M. Ramirez ,
Amit J. Jhala  and
Megh Singh
Analiza Henedina M. Ramirez*
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS-University of Florida, 700 Experimental Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850-2299
Amit J. Jhala
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS-University of Florida, 700 Experimental Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850-2299
Megh Singh
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS-University of Florida, 700 Experimental Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850-2299
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ahmramirez@ufl.edu
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Abstract

Citron melon is a monoecious and hairy annual vine commonly found in citrus orchards and cotton and peanut fields. There is limited information available on citron melon control with PRE- and POST-applied herbicides in Florida citrus. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of citron melon to 11 PRE and 18 POST herbicides under greenhouse conditions. Indaziflam applied PRE at 0.095 kg ai ha−1 resulted in 13% citron melon emergence at 14 d after treatment (DAT). The majority of PRE herbicides did not affect emergence at 14 DAT. Efficacy of PRE herbicides at 21 DAT resulted in > 90% control of citron melon with bromacil, premix formulation of bromacil + diuron, flumioxazin, indaziflam at 0.073 and 0.095, norflurazon, and simazine. Citron melon control was < 30% 21 DAT following PRE-applied diuron, oryzalin, and flazasulfuron. Control of citron melon varied by POST herbicides and growth stage. Regardless of citron melon growth stage, glyphosate, glufosinate, saflufenacil, paraquat, and flumioxazin provided > 90% at 7 and 14 DAT. Carfentrazone, flazasulfuron, imazapic, pyrithiobac-Na, rimsulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, and premix of 2,4-D + glyphosate controlled citron melon at least 90% when applied to two- to four-leaf plants. Control was reduced when application was delayed to the six- to eight-leaf stage. Bentazon and halosulfuron controlled citron melon 11 to 31% regardless of growth stage. Biomass of citron melon at 14 DAT was reduced > 50% in all herbicide treatments except with bentazon and halosulfuron applied at both stages, and dicamba, mesotrione, imazapic, and rimsulfuron applied to six- to eight-leaf citron melon. The results of this study indicate that citron melon can be adequately controlled with several PRE- or POST-applied herbicides; however, research is required to evaluate PRE followed by POST programs or their tank mixtures for season-long control of citron melon under field conditions.

Citrullus lanatus var. citroides es una enredadera pilosa anual monoica que se encuentra en plantaciones de cítricos y campos de algodón y maní. Hay poca información disponible sobre el control de C. lanatus con herbicidas aplicados PRE y POST en plantaciones de cítricos en Florida. Se realizaron experimentos bajo condiciones de invernadero para evaluar la respuesta de esta maleza a 11 herbicidas PRE y 18 POST. Indaziflam aplicado PRE a 0.095 kg ai ha−1 resultó en 13% de emergencia de C. lanatus 14 días después del tratamiento (DAT). La mayoría de herbicidas PRE no afectaron la emergencia14 DAT. La eficacia de los herbicidas PRE 21 DAT resultó en >90% de control de C. lanatus con bromacil, una formulación pre-mezclada de bromacil + diuron, flumioxazin, indaziflam a 0.073 y 0.095, norflurazon, y simazine. El control de C. lanatus fue <30% 21 DAT después de aplicaciones PRE de diuron, oryzalin y flazasulfuron. El control de esta maleza varió dependiendo de los herbicidas POST y del estado de crecimiento. Independientemente del estado de crecimiento de C. lanatus, glyphosate, glufosinate, saflufenacil, paraquat y flumioxazin brindaron >90% a 7 y 14 DAT. Carfentrazone, flazasulfuron, imazapic, pyrithiobac-Na, rimsulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, y una pre-mezcla de 2,4-D + glyphosate controlaron C. lanatus al menos 90% cuando se aplicaron a plantas con dos a cuatro hojas. El control se redujo cuando la aplicación se atrasó hasta el estado de seis a ocho hojas. Bentazon y halosulfuron controlaron C. lanatus 11 a 31% sin importar el estado de crecimiento. La biomasa de C. lanatus a 14 DAT se redujo >50% en todos los tratamientos de herbicidas excepto con bentazon y halosulfuron aplicados en ambos estados, y dicamba, mezotrione, imazapic y rimsulfuron aplicados en el estado de seis a ocho hojas. Los resultados de este estudio indican que C. lanatus se puede controlar adecuadamente con varios herbicidas aplicados PRE y POST. Sin embargo, se necesita investigación para evaluar el control de C. lanatus a lo largo del ciclo de producción en condiciones de campo usando programas de aplicaciones PRE seguidas por aplicaciones POST o usando mezclas en tanque.

Keywords

Citron melon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mats and Nakai var. citroides (L. H. Bailey) Mansf. CILACcitrus, Citrus sppcotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.peanut, Arachis hypogaea L.Biomasscitrusemergenceherbicide efficacy
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/AREAS
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 783 - 788
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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