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Moisture Requirements and Host Specificity of Rhizoctonia solani From Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) in Nebraska

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Gary Y. Yuen  and
Robert A. Masters
Gary Y. Yuen
Affiliation:
Dept. of Plant Pathol., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Robert A. Masters
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Dept. of Agron., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
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Abstract

R230, an isolate of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 5 from leafy spurge, caused root and crown rots on leafy spurge when inoculated via soil in greenhouse experiments. The fungus grew through soil over a wide range of matric potentials (–0.01 to −1 MPa). When applied to leafy spurge foliage, the fungus blighted young adventitious shoots, but not mature stems. Foliar infection required high relative humidity. Mycelial growth on plant surfaces stopped at below 92% relative humidity. Pathogenicity of R230 was not limited to leafy spurge. The fungus caused stem and foliar lesions on all crops tested (alfalfa, smooth bromegrass, corn, Kentucky bluegrass, soybean, tall fescue, and wheat) when plants were kept under high humidity. It reduced seedling emergence and survival in soybean, Kentucky bluegrass, and tall fescue. R230 also caused a foliar blight on spotted spurge. The potential for R230 to damage crops will limit application of the fungus to noncultivated areas and to sites where it is endemic.

Keywords

Rhizoctonia solani Kühnleafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L. # EPHESspotted spurge, Euphorbia maculata L. # EPHMAalfalfa, Medicago sativa L.corn, Zea mays LKentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis L.smooth bromegrass, Bromus inermis Leyss.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb.wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Biological controlhost rangehumiditymycoherbicidesoil moistureEuphorbia maculataEPHESEPHMA
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , March 1995 , pp. 44 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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