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Advances in the study of zygote activation in higher plants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 October 2020

Dong Xiao Li ,
Shi Jun Chen  and
Hui Qiao Tian Open the ORCID record for Hui Qiao Tian [Opens in a new window]
Dong Xiao Li*
Affiliation:
Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang453003, China
Shi Jun Chen
Affiliation:
Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang453003, China
Hui Qiao Tian
Affiliation:
School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
*
Author for correspondence: Dong Xiao Li. Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang453003, China. E-mail: dongxiao93@hotmail.com
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Summary

In higher plants, fertilization induces many structural and physiological changes in the fertilized egg that reflect the transition from the haploid female gamete to the diploid zygote – the first cell of the sporophyte. After fusion of the egg nucleus with the sperm nucleus, many molecular changes occur in the zygote during the process of zygote activation during embryogenesis. The zygote originates from the egg, from which some pre-stored translation initiation factors transfer into the zygote and function during zygote activation. This indicates that the control of zygote activation is pre-set in the egg. After the egg and sperm nuclei fuse, gene expression is activated in the zygote, and paternal and maternal gene expression patterns are displayed. This highlights the diversity of zygotic genome activation in higher plants. In addition to new gene expression in the zygote, some genes show quantitative changes in expression. The asymmetrical division of the zygote produces an apical cell and a basal cell that have different destinies during plant reconstruction; these destinies are determined in the zygote. This review describes significant advances in research on the mechanisms controlling zygote activation in higher plants.

Keywords

FertilizationHigher plantsZygote activationZygote genomic activation
Type
Review Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 29 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 12 - 19
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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