Figure 2. Change patterns (standardized mean differences) of sleep parameters in 27 neuropsychiatric diseases. Abbreviations of disease names: AD, Alzheimer's disease; ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; BPD, borderline personality disorder; GAD, generalized anxiety disorder; HD, Huntington's disease; IH, idiopathic hypersomnia; iRBD, idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MDD, major depressive disorder; OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder; PD, Parkinson's disease; PTD, persistent tic disorder; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder, SAD, social anxiety disorder; TBI, traumatic brain injury, WD, Wilson's disease. Abbreviations for sleep parameters: AHI, apnea hypopnea index; AI, arousal index; PLMI, Periodic limb movement index; REM, rapid eye movement sleep; REMD, rapid eye movement sleep density; REML, rapid eye movement sleep latency; SE, sleep efficiency; SL, sleep latency; SWS, slow wave sleep; TST, total sleep time; WASO, wake time after sleep onset.