Incidence of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Abuse and Dependence in a Rural Crisis Resolution Team in the Netherlands

Abstract

Introduction

GHB abuse and dependence are common in the Western region of Northern Brabant, a rural region in the south of the Netherlands.

Aim

The main goal is to look at the incidence and management of GHB abuse and dependence seen by the CRT in a rural area.

Method

This is a retrospective data analysis based on patient files of all assessments of the Western Northern Brabant crisis resolution team (CRT) from 2013 till 2015. Inclusion criterion was current or recent (<24 hours) use of GHB with or without alcohol and other drugs. Several parameters were studied: frequency, duration and dose of GHB use, reason for referral and treatment/policy, which is used (admission, prescribed medication).

Results

On a total of 4093 cases 50 persons were included. It shows that the percentage over the years has remained about the same (resp. 1.13%, 1.54% and 1.02%). Of all cases 41.5% used GHB only, 39.6% also used other drugs, and 9.4% GHB with alcohol and other drugs. During the assessment in the emergency department 37.7% was treated with a benzodiazepine, while 43.4% received no psychotropic medication.

Conclusion

GHB abuse and dependence are not commonly seen in the CRT, but the withdrawal symptoms can be challenging and GHB withdrawal is often accompanied by aggressive outbursts. Therefore, it is very important to make a decision whether outpatient or inpatient treatment is necessary and if psychotropic medication is needed.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.