The aim of this paper is to determine the asymptotic growth rate of the complexity function of cut-and-project sets in the non-abelian case. In the case of model sets of polytopal type in homogeneous two-step nilpotent Lie groups, we can establish that the complexity function asymptotically behaves like $r^{{\mathrm {homdim}}(G) \dim (H)}$. Further, we generalize the concept of acceptance domains to locally compact second countable groups.

We define a natural lattice structure on all subsets of a finite root system that extends the weak order on the elements of the corresponding Coxeter group. For crystallographic root systems, we show that the subposet of this lattice induced by antisymmetric closed subsets of roots is again a lattice. We then study further subposets of this lattice that naturally correspond to the elements, the intervals, and the faces of the permutahedron and the generalized associahedra of the corresponding Weyl group. These results extend to arbitrary finite crystallographic root systems the recent results of G. Chatel, V. Pilaud, and V. Pons on the weak order on posets and its induced subposets.

Rooted monounary algebras can be considered as an algebraic counterpart of directed rooted trees. We work towards a characterization of the lattice of compatible quasiorders by describing its join- and meet-irreducible elements. We introduce the limit $\cB _\infty $ of all $d$-dimensional Boolean cubes $\Two ^d$ as a monounary algebra; then the natural order on $\Two ^d$ is meet-irreducible. Our main result is that any completely meet-irreducible quasiorder of a rooted algebra is a homomorphic preimage of the natural partial order (or its inverse) of a suitable subalgebra of $\cB _\infty $. For a partial order, it is known that complete meet-irreducibility means that the corresponding partially ordered structure is subdirectly irreducible. For a rooted monounary algebra it is shown that this property implies that the unary operation has finitely many nontrivial kernel classes and its graph is a binary tree.

In this paper we consider a class of quasi-birth-and-death processes for which explicit solutions can be obtained for the rate matrix R and the associated matrix G. The probabilistic interpretations of these matrices allow us to describe their elements in terms of paths on the two-dimensional lattice. Then determining explicit expressions for the matrices becomes equivalent to solving a lattice path counting problem, the solution of which is derived using path decomposition, Bernoulli excursions, and hypergeometric functions. A few applications are provided, including classical models for which we obtain some new results.

Let denote the convex set of all positive linear maps from the matrix algebra Mn(ℂ) into itself. We construct a join homomorphism from the complete lattice of all faces of into the complete lattice of all join homomorphisms between the lattice of all subspaces of ℂn . We also characterize all maximal faces of .