Let $X$ be a nonempty set and ${\mathcal{P}}(X)$ the power set of $X$. The aim of this paper is to identify the unital subrings of ${\mathcal{P}}(X)$ and to compute its cardinality when it is finite. It is proved that any topology $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$ on $X$ such that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}^{c}$, where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}^{c}=\{U^{c}\mid U\in \unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}\}$, is a unital subring of ${\mathcal{P}}(X)$. It is also shown that $X$ is finite if and only if any unital subring of ${\mathcal{P}}(X)$ is a topology $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$ on $X$ such that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}^{c}$ if and only if the set of unital subrings of ${\mathcal{P}}(X)$ is finite. As a consequence, if $X$ is finite with cardinality $n\geq 2$, then the number of unital subrings of ${\mathcal{P}}(X)$ is equal to the $n$th Bell number and the supremum of the lengths of chains of unital subalgebras of ${\mathcal{P}}(X)$ is equal to $n-1$.

The aim of this paper is to give a classification theorem for commutative torsion filial rings.

This work is concerned with the question of when a von Neumann regular ring is expressible as a directed union of Artinian subrings.

Suppose D is an integral domain with quotient field K and that L is an extension field of K. We show in Theorem 4 that if the complete integral closure of D is an intersection of Archimedean valuation domains on K, then the complete integral closure of D in L is an intersection of Archimedean valuation domains on L; this answers a question raised by Gilmer and Heinzer in 1965.

If R is an uncountable commutative ring, it is shown that there exists a proper subring of R having the same cardinality as R. It is also shown that if |R| = ω is an uncountable regular cardinal, and if R1 is a subring of R containing an identity of R and such that |R1| < ω, then there exists a proper R1-subalgebra S of R such that |S| = |R|.