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The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the prevalence of relational withdrawal behaviour in infants aged 14–18 months attending a public health centre in Paris, (2) to check some identified risk factors for relational withdrawal behaviour in this population.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in infants aged 14–18 months attending a child health screening centre during the year 2005.
Results
A total of 640 children were included in the study. Thirteen percent of the 640 infants (n = 83, 95% CI [10.4%; 15.6%]) had an ADBB score at 5 and over 5 on the ADBB. There was a clear relationship between withdrawal behavior and having psychological difficulties as reported by parents, and between withdrawal and developmental delay. Withdrawal was also significantly associated with being a boy, with living in risk conditions (e.g. child being in joint custody, or with living in a foster family), with being adopted, or with being a twin. More withdrawn infants were taken care of at home.
Conclusion
Sustained relational withdrawal behaviour was linked with developmental disorders and psychopathology and not with SES, ethnical origin or rank of birth. The scale could be used in screening early psychopathology in infants aged 2–24 months of age.
Los objetivos de este estudio fueron (1) evaluar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo de retraimiento en las relaciones socials (retraimiento social) en niños de 14-18 meses que asistían a un centro de salud pública en París, (2) para comprobar algunos factores de riesgo relacionados con el retraimiento social en esta población.
Métodos.
Se realizó un estudio transversal en niños de 14-18 meses que asistieron a un centro de cribado de la salud infantil durante el año 2005.
Resultados.
Participaron en el estudio 640 niños, el 13% de los cuales [n=83, IC 95% (10,4%; 15,6%)] tenía una puntuación ADBB de 5 o más. Se observó una relación clara entre el retraimiento social y las dificultades psicológicas descritas por los padres, y entre el retraimiento social y el retraso en el desarrollo. El retraimiento social también se asoció significativamente con ser varón, con vivir en condiciones de riesgo (por ejemplo, custodia compartida o vivir con una familia adoptiva), con ser adoptado o con ser gemelo. Los niños más retraídos no acudían a guarderías.
Conclusión.
El retraimiento social prolongado se relacionó con trastornos del desarrollo y con la psicopatología y no con la situación socioeconómica (SES), el origen étnico o el orden de nacimiento. La escala podría usarse para el cribado psicopatológico precoz en niños de 2-24 años.
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