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Chapter 6 situates Charles Wilkins’ approach to his translation of the Bhagavad-Gītā in the long history of British interpretations of Hinduism charted throughout this book. It argues that his ‘philosophical’ interpretation of the Hindoo religion was orientated to the same Enlightenment culture of religious debate that shaped the earlier work of Holwell and Dow, while at the same time contributing to the politics of his patron, Governor General Warren Hastings.
If by monotheism we mean the idea of a single transcendent God who creates the universe out of nothing (creatio ex nihilo), as in the Abrahamic religions, then that is not found in the history of Hinduism. But if we mean a supreme, transcendent deity who impels the universe, sustains it and ultimately destroys it before causing it to emerge once again, who is the ultimate source of all other gods who are her or his emanations, then this idea does develop within that history. It is a Hindu monotheism and its nature that is the topic of this Element.
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