In the 18th and 19th centuries, dentists ‘‘straightened’’ the teeth of adolescents and adults. Angle had suggested that earlier treatment would be advisable but presented very few examples of this approach. In 1912, E. A. Bogue was the first orthodontist to publish articles advocating treatment for children before they reached the age of six by widening arches to create diastemas between temporary teeth and, above all, by eliminating mouth breathing.