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  • Chapter 4 - Excessive Exercise and Image- and Performance-Enhancing Drug Use Among Sports Disciplines, and the Role of Mind–Body Training

  • from Section 1 - From Exercise to Addiction: An Introduction to the Phenomenon
  • Edited by Ornella Corazza, University of Hertfordshire and University of Trento, Italy, Artemisa Rocha Dores, Polytechnic Institute of Porto and University of Porto, Portugal
  • Book:
    The Body in the Mind
    Published online:
    30 March 2023
    Print publication:
    06 April 2023, pp 67-76

  • Summary

    This chapter describes a study of addictive behaviours, including excessive exercising and the use of image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs), across 12 sports disciplines. Weightlifting and CrossFit were associated with a higher risk of excessive exercising and of using a wide range of IPEDs. Conversely, walking was associated with a lower tendency to exercise excessively, and with a lower rate of IPED use. These results may indicate that excessive exercising is linked to the risk of cross addiction with substance intake, particularly in disciplines that require high-intensity functional training. A more compassionate attitude towards oneself may help to prevent excessive exercising and use of IPEDs. Budo and yoga, which are both based on an integrated ‘mind–body’ approach, scored relatively high for self-compassion compared with other sports disciplines. The study findings may help to identify tailor-made ways to reduce the risk of addictive behaviours in each of these sports disciplines.