An analysis of statistical data available in eight glass eel fisheries distnbuted over the French Atlantic coastline is used to define the upstream migration dynamics of Anguilla anguilla in estuaries. The CPUE (Catch Per Unit of Effort) data reveal three different types of seasonal trends that reflect different migration kinetics. The recruitment abundance is studied compared to the salinity of the estuary. The first two types of trends correspond to years of high recruitment andor of reduced fishing effort. In brackish estuarine zones, the abundances then follow a symmetrical curve, with a peak in JanuaryFebruary. This time course is due to the passage of a wave of migrants. Further upstream, in tidal freshwater zones, the abundances follow an asymmetrical curve which may describe the progressive accumulation of eels between November and March/April. When recruitment is low andlor the fishing effort is high, CPUEs vary during the season following a plateau curve, with values staying more or less constant between November and March. This latter trend represents a balance status between immigration and capture. In this case, abundance indicescan only be established with total catches. The curves are explained by the migration behaviour of glass eel which exhibit a resting phase in brackish zones and an accumulation in tidal oligohaline zones. These results have direct consequences particularly for the determination of recruitment abundance indices.

Time series (1965-1985) of Illex illecebrosus catch and morphometric data from the Northwest Atlantic were analysed to describe geographic variability in population structure. The areas studied were NAFO sub-areas 3 to 6, which range from Newfoundland to the northeastern USA shelf. Population components, reflecting seasonal spawning groups, were identified based on analysis of length frequency data. Components 3 and 4 represent two prominent life cycles: the summer spawners and winter spawners respectively. Components 1, 2, and 5 do not represent different life cycles, but result from the capacity to shift between life cycles by prolonging (or shortening) the life span. The presence of up to five components in the southern area illustrates a life history strategy involving protracted spawning and complex population structure. There was clear geographic variability in annual catch, with fluctuations being most extreme in the most northern area. Annual catch levels in all areas were significantly correlated with the abundance of the winter-spawning component, as represented by the number of squid within samples which belong to component 4. Population structure in the most northem area was simplest and catch levels therefore were most dependent on the highly migratory winter-spawning component. This leads to greater catchvariability in the most northern area than in the other areas. The advantages of good feeding conditions may compensate for the risks associated with long-range migrations, especially recruitment failure. Life history strategies involving migratory and non-migratory population components limit the risk of recruitment failure. The overall resultant life history strategy for Illex illecebrosus is one that ensures survival of the species by stabilizing recruitment in at least one (southern) area through protracted spawning, complex population structure and interaction of spawning components.

L'étude des carnets de pêche des marins-pêcheurs et l'échantillonnage des captures ont permis de cerner les caractéristiques biologiques des populations de grandes aloses (Alosa alosa L.) prélevées sur l'Adour de 1988 à 1991 et d'étudier l'influence des conditions hydroclimatiques sur le niveau moyen des captures journalières par sortie. Les aloses sont principalement recrutées dans l'estuaire entre le début du mois d'avril et la fin du mois de mai: entre 78 et 89 % selon les années. Les mâles sont en moyenne plus jeunes et à âge égal plus petits et moins lourds que les femelles. Ces résultats confortent les connaissances obtenues sur les principaux stocks français qui remontent les systèmes fluviaux de la Loire et de la Gironde. Les analyses effectuées soit par l'Analyse Factorielle des Correspondances soit par l'utilisation du Modèle Linéaire Généralisé indiquent que les variations conjuguées du débit fluvial et du coefficient de marée ont une influence sur l'abondance des captures journalières exprimées en kg par sortie. Le travail réalisé à l'aide de ces deux méthodes complémentaires d'analyse permet à la fois de décrire et de quantifier les liens entre les captures par sortie (CPUE) et les facteurs hydroclimatiques. En effet, une augmentation de ces CPUE est constatée avec l'accroissement des coefficients de marée, le débit fluvial intervenant comme facteur de modulation secondaire.