Introduction. Mamey (Mammea americana L., Clusiaceae) was present in Martinique before the Spanish colonization. Its distribution area includes tropical America and the Caribbean. A significant phenotypical diversity is observed on the island, with fruits of very uneven quality as well as various agronomic, pomological and biochemical characteristics. The aim of our work was to localize, identify and characterize trees considered of superior quality. Materials and methods. A survey carried out between April and September 2005 allowed the selection of 10 trees renowned by the people as bearing high-quality fruits. These fruits present a small number of seeds and nonadhesive pulp, and develop a sweet taste as well as a strong flavor. During the year 2006, pomological description and biochemical analysis (total soluble solids and total titrable acidity) were carried out on the fruits. Results and discussion. The biometric and biochemical characteristics measured were generally better than those cited in the literature. Some accessions stand out and present great assets for their promotion for the fresh market as well as for processing. Moreover, some tendencies emerged from the variability observed for a few characters: thus, the variability of the biochemical characteristics measured within one accession, as well as between accessions originating from the same land, is low. It is null for the seed adhesion to the pulp for fruits belonging to the same accession. Conclusion and perspectives. Our work is one of the first relating to identification and characterization of phenotypical diversity of the M. americana L. species, especially in Martinique Island. Our results are likely to promote the development of a diversification network. Some highlighted trends suggest new research to be able to distinguish the role of the environmental versus genetic components in the performance of the phenotypes observed.

Dans les régions tropicales coralliennes, on a parfois recours au potentiel de production halieutique par unité de surface là où les méthodes classiques d'évaluation s'appliquent difficilement. Dans la région caraïbe, de nombreuses estimations de production halieutique relative, tant potentielle que réelle, sont disponibles sans qu'il soit toujours possible de les comparer de façon rigoureuse. En Martinique, les pêcheries côtières ont produit en 1987 en moyenne 1,14 t.km−2.an−1 d'espèces démersales, avec des productions par strate comprises entre 0,24 et 8,45 t.km−2.an−1. La production relative moyenne pour les espèces néritiques est de 1,68 t.km−2.an−1. La comparaison des productions relatives observées d'un secteur ou d'une ile à l'autre est susceptible de contribuer de façon importante à l'évaluation de l'état d'exploitation des ressources, à condition que les méthodologies d'estimation soient explicitées et qu'une connaissance suffisante de l'effort de pêche et du contexte écologique soit disponible.