For the safety problems caused by the limited landing space of the deck during the arresting process of the carrier-based aircraft, a dynamic model of the carrier-based aircraft’s landing and arresting is built. Based on the batch simulation method, the lateral dynamics safety envelope of the aircraft during the arresting was defined, and the dynamic response of the key points in the envelope during the arresting process was investigated. Subsequently, the influence of engine thrust and aircraft quality on the arresting safety envelope was studied based on reasonable safety evaluation indicators, and the safety status envelope of the deck arresting was given. Then, the particular Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential equation is used to obtain the lateral dynamics safety envelope of the carrier-based aircraft in the process of landing and arresting by backward inversion. Results indicate that engine thrust and landing quality have little effect on the yaw angle in the arresting safety boundary during the arresting. Additionally, with the engine thrust and landing quality increase, the maximum safe off-centre distance gradually decreases, and the safety boundary decreases accordingly. During the phase of landing glide, the engine thrust and quality have little effect on the maximum safe eccentric distance. When the engine thrust is increased by 40%, the maximum safe yaw angle is reduced from 0.3°, and the safety boundary is reduced by 4.2%. When the aircraftquality increases by 40%, the maximum safe yaw angle is reduced by 0.4°, and the safety boundary is reduced by 2.8%. The findings of this paper can provide framework for the research on theaircraft-to-carrier dynamic matching characteristics of the carrier-based system, and is of great significance to the research on improving the safety of the carrier-based aircraft landing arresting.