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2 results

  • Psychoeducation and cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with refractory bipolar disorder: A 5-year controlled clinical trial

  • A. González Isasi, E. Echeburúa, J.M. Limiñana, A. González-Pinto
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 29 / Issue 3 / March 2014
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    15 April 2020, pp. 134-141
  • Objective:

    The aim of this research, which represents an additional and longer follow-up to a previous trial, was to evaluate a 5-year follow-up study of a combined treatment (pharmacological + psychoeducational and cognitive-behavioral therapy) as compared with a standard pharmacological treatment in patients with refractory bipolar disorder.

    Method:

    Forty patients were randomly assigned to either an Experimental group–under combined treatment — or a Control group — under pharmacological treatment. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), with repeated measures at different evaluation time points.

    Results:

    Between-group differences were significant at all evaluation time points after treatment. Experimental group had less hospitalization events than Control group in the 12-month evaluation (P = 0.015). The Experimental group showed lower depression and anxiety in the 6-month (P = 0.006; P = 0.019), 12-month (P = 0.001; P < 0.001) and 5-year (P < 0.001, P < 0.001) evaluation time points. Significant differences emerged in mania and misadjustment already in the post-treatment evaluation (P = 0.009; P < 0.001) and were sustained throughout the study (6-month: P = 0.006, P < 0.001; 12-month: P < 0.001, P < 0.001; 5-year: P = 0.004, P < 0.001). After 5-year follow-up, 88.9% of patients in the Control group and 20% of patients in the Experimental group showed persistent affective symptoms and/or difficulties in social-occupational functioning.

    Conclusions:

    A combined therapy is long-term effective for patients with refractory bipolar disorder. Suggestions for future research are commented.

  • 10 - Social Support and Mental Health

  • from Part II - The Social Context of Mental Health and Illness
  • Edited by Teresa L. Scheid, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Tony N. Brown, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
  • Book:
    A Handbook for the Study of Mental Health
    Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    16 November 2009, pp 200-212

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses the major psychological perspectives on mental illness. In terms of the biopsychosocial model, the unique contribution of psychology lies in its attention to the intra individual mechanisms that produce abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Although there are a number of popular psychological models of abnormality, the chapter focuses on four: the psychoanalytic, cognitive behavioral, humanistic-existential-phenomenological, and the family systems approaches. Many psychodynamic theorists today are particularly interested in the mental representations that people have of themselves and others. Several theories of schizophrenia, propose that the disorder is most likely to occur in families in which messages are consistently disguised, contradictory, or accompanied by strong criticism. In family therapy, the therapist attempts to establish a healthy equilibrium within the family. Studies show that this kind of therapy is often effective for reducing conflicts and resolving specific problems such as bulimia.