Creativity and innovation are important for organizational survival and growth, as globalization and technological advances increase the need to address rapid changes and uncertainty in the marketplace. As such, organizations and researchers have produced a significant amount of work on creativity and innovation to help address organizations’ need to develop creative ideas and solutions. These studies have yielded a variety of findings, sometimes contradictory, since organizational creativity is a multi-level issue; factors of creativity and innovation at one level may be different, not predictive, or even contradictory at another level. This chapter overviews these findings to summarize the factors in organizations that facilitate or hinder creativity and innovation at each manifested level: the individual, team, and organization. At the individual level, work on creativity and innovation focuses on the creative problem-solving process, personality of creative individuals, and motivational variables. At the team level, creativity and innovation focus on factors within leadership, team processes, and climate. Finally, creativity and innovation at the organizational level are overviewed regarding organizational strategy, goals and rewards, top management teams, and availability of resources.

The focus of this chapter is on diverse forms of creative expression in old age using a life-course framework. We consider age-related changes in opportunities for and expressions of creativity. Social and environmental influences on late-life creative expression are explored. We link our understanding of late-life creativity to traditional aspects of creativity studies, including creative potential, eminent creativity, and everyday creativity. Consistent with our life-course orientation, we consider age-related changes and differences in the above forms of creativity. We review creativity-enhancing interventions in relation to everyday creativity. A major contribution of our work relates to focus on the use of proactive problem-solving strategies to address late-life challenges creatively. Novel solutions to normative stressors of aging pose exemplars of the value of late-life creativity. Creative problem solving is proposed as key to ensuring a meaningful and successful old age.