Chapter 2 discusses the economic and religious importance of beached whales in northeastern Japan. Making use of folktales regarding the sea god Ebisu and domanial records on whale strandings, it is argued that stranded whales had a considerable impact on the culture and economy of northeastern communities that led to a different interpretation of whales than the communities in western Japan that engaged in active whaling. As is shown in this chapter, the reason why a non-whaling culture developed in Northeast Japan but not in western Japan is connected to how whales behave on their migration routes along the Japanese coast. Baleen whales passed through western Japanese waters in the winter months without foraging and with little disturbance to the coastal ecosystem. Therefore, whalers could hunt whales with only a small risk of damaging fisheries. However, further north, whales exhibited different behaviour as they hunted small fish for several weeks during the spring. The fishermen there had learned that having whales around benefited them as they indicated the presence of fish and could even bring the fish closer to the shore. This knowledge was thus transmitted in folktales and through material objects such as ‘whale stones’.