This paper describes a dynamic synthesis method for generating optimal walking patterns of biped robots having a human-like locomotion system. The generating principle of gait is based on the minimisation of driving torques. A parametric optimisation technique is used to solve the underlying optimal control problem. Special attention is devoted to foot-ground interactions in order to ensure a steady dynamic balance of the biped. Transition states between step sub-phases are fully optimised together with step length and sub-phase lengths with respect to a given walking velocity. The data needed to generate purely cyclic steps can be reduced to the forward velocity.

In this paper, the realization of biped walking on even floor, sloping surfaces, and stairs is studied. The motion trajectories for the biped's body and its two feet are modeled by piecewise cubic polynomials. The main features of the biped robot include two variable-length legs and a moving weight which can be positioned side-to-side for balance. The contribution of this paper is gait synthesis and is experimental verification.