Usually, Halymenia and Cryptonemia species have been reported as associated with rhodolith beds, but based on surveys of rhodolith beds and rocky areas along the Gulf of California (60 localities), in five localities we found the range extension (5 localities) of three other blade-like species, Kallymenia norrisii and K. oblongifructa previously reported on the North Pacific coast of California State (USA) and K. pertusa previously reported in the northern Gulf of California. The present study reports for the first time the presence of K. norrisii, K. oblongifructa and K. pertusa associated with rodolith beds. This suggests that the understanding of biodiversity of marine plants from the Gulf of California still needs attention, especially in deeper areas and habitats such as rhodolith beds.

Sexually reproducing populations of the marine red alga Peyssonnelia rosenvingii Schmitz (Peyssonneliaceae, Gigartinales), for which only spermatangia and monosporangia, borne on the same thalli, have previously been known, are reported from the cold-temperate region of Japan. Plants are reproductive in late autumn and early winter. Each carpogonial branch consists of four or five cells, and the suprabasal cell of three- to five-celled auxiliary cell branches functions as an auxiliary cell. The absence of spermatangia and the presence of large, non-reproductive plants during the fertile season suggest that the spermatangial sori are ephemeral. After presumed fertilization a connecting filament develops from the hypogynous cell and runs in the horizontal plane. It branches irregularly and fuses with several auxiliary cells, forming several gonimoblasts along its length. Each gonimoblast produces five to eight carposporangial chains in conspicuously elevated nemathecia up to 350 μm high. Tetrasporangia are also formed in similar nemathecia up to 300 μm high and have three- to eight-celled pedicels.

The marine red alga Ahnfeltiopsis triquetrifolia sp. nov. (Phyllophoraceae, Gigartinales) is described from Japan. Foliaceous unisexual gametophytes are characterized by having three-edged axes, and crustose tetrasporophytes are distinguished by the following combination of features: tightly coalescent perithallial filaments, nemathecial sori, small numbers of both tetrasporangia (3 or 4) and sterile cap cells (1 or 2) in each fertile filament, and the absence of hypobasal tissue. Gonimoblast filaments develop from the auxiliary cell after it has fused with a carpogonium. Carposporangia develop from gonimoblast cells, from medullary cells contacted by the gonimoblast filaments, and from the cells produced by such medullary cells. Mature, compact cystocarps are immersed within the medullary layer and discharge carpospores through carpostomes formed in the thickened cortex. Cultured tetrasporophytes were induced to sporulate by transfer from a long-day to a short-day regime at 20°C, and one single short-day cycle was effective for tetrasporangial induction. Tetraspore germlings gave rise to basal discs from which upright axes developed. The upright axes showed a morphology similar to that of field-collected gametophytes, although they remained vegetative during 18 months in culture.