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2 results

  • The effect of heart rate variability biofeedback training on stress and anxiety: a meta-analysis

  • V. C. Goessl, J. E. Curtiss, S. G. Hofmann
  • Journal:
    Psychological Medicine / Volume 47 / Issue 15 / November 2017
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    08 May 2017, pp. 2578-2586
  • Background

    Some evidence suggests that heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback might be an effective way to treat anxiety and stress symptoms. To examine the effect of HRV biofeedback on symptoms of anxiety and stress, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies extracted from PubMed, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library.

    Methods

    The search identified 24 studies totaling 484 participants who received HRV biofeedback training for stress and anxiety. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis.

    Results

    The pre-post within-group effect size (Hedges' g) was 0.81. The between-groups analysis comparing biofeedback to a control condition yielded Hedges' g = 0.83. Moderator analyses revealed that treatment efficacy was not moderated by study year, risk of study bias, percentage of females, number of sessions, or presence of an anxiety disorder.

    Conclusions

    HRV biofeedback training is associated with a large reduction in self-reported stress and anxiety. Although more well-controlled studies are needed, this intervention offers a promising approach for treating stress and anxiety with wearable devices.

  • ECG measurement in chick embryos using non-invasive technology

  • F. HABERMANN, D. FESKE, H. TÖNHARDT
  • Journal:
    World's Poultry Science Journal / Volume 64 / Issue 4 / December 2008
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    12 November 2008, pp. 605-610
    Print publication:
    December 2008

  • The heart rate (HR) of chick embryos before hatching is a relevant physiological parameter for the evaluation of regulation mechanisms of the cardiovascular system under different environmental conditions, e.g. oxygen supply. Movements of the embryo can be interpreted as a behavioural response to such changes. Using the PowerLab hardware and Chart software (AD Instruments), the ECG of a 14 day old chick embryo was recorded almost non-invasively by three electrodes penetrating the otherwise intact egg shell. The Chart program can be used to calculate the HR and its variability from the precisely detectable R-waves of the ECG. Artefacts in the ECG trace are derived from movements of the embryo. Under hypoxic conditions, the program can show that HR and HRV increased, whereas the embryo movements decreased. Using this technology, it can be determined that the embryo compensates for lower oxygen supply with faster blood circulation and saves energy by reducing unnecessary movements.