This chapter shows how the British logic of “efficiencies and economies,” or fiscal austerity, limited healthcare provision for Palestinians in Mandate Palestine. Palestinian malnutrition and even starvation were widespread, predisposing them to illness and death. Despite acknowledging the structural production of hunger, poverty, and disease, British officials often culturally condemned Palestinians for ignorance, lack of maternal care, parental inefficiencies, and backward foodways. Rarely did British colonial authorities mention colonial extraction and austerity as causes of Palestinian poverty, hunger, or death. Even when they privately argued for more resources for Palestinians, they did so within a civilizational rhetorical frame. Not surprisingly, gendered-racialized dynamics and material tensions were prominent in the archives as colonial authorities governed Palestinian-serving Infant Welfare Centre nurses and midwives but provided little money for healthcare. Many scribbled notes in the archives related to policing the boundaries of registered Palestinian midwives who dared to use specula to examine pregnant women, give injections to the ill, or independently set up shop.