Henry Knighton (a canon of an abbey in Leicester) and Thomas Walsingham (a monk at St. Albans) were the leading historians of the period at the end of the fourteenth century. Here an intriguing account of a large group of women attending tournaments, colourfully dressed in men’s clothes, armed and on horseback, is included from Knighton’s Chronicle, along with excerpts about two of the revolutionary leaders of the Peasants’ Revolt in 1381, Jack Straw and John Ball: both were captured and beheaded.

The administrative documents preserved in archives tell stories which are shaped by their institutional and governmental context, and are as deceptive and full of invention as more self-consciously literary works. Medieval archives contain a vast repository of historical narratives which, despite their fictional components and bureaucratic manipulation, nevertheless provide vivid insights into everyday life. The rhetorical conventions of such bureaucratic documents as pardons, petitions and appeals represent forms of historical literature which are cultural productions of equal significance to the chronicle or the epic poem. But, unlike court poetry or chronicles, the archives tell us a great deal about the life of ordinary people. In the wake of the discussion of the archive by Foucault and Derrida, the archive has been seen as a symbol of power and a means of control, but often the archive is the chief means by which non-elite groups find their voice.