The new species, Sphinctrina paramerae, is proposed. Characteristics of ascospores (size, morphology and ornamentation), apothecia (morphology, size and chemical reactions) and ecological features revealed significant differences between S. paramerae and the currently known species of Sphinctrina with non-septate ascospores. The new species grows on Pertusaria paramerae, epiphytic on the bark of Juniperus thurifera, which occurs on well-exposed areas of parameras in the Iberian high plateau and other montane Mediterranean areas.

The new species Miriquidica effigurata, M. squamulosa and Pertusaria stellata are described from the southern subpolar region from collections made by Henry Imshaug and co-workers in the early 1970s. All three species occur on Campbell Island, New Zealand, with M. effigurata and P. stellata also occurring on the Auckland Islands, New Zealand, and P. stellata also being reported from Isla Desolación in southern Chile. Miriquidica effigurata and M. squamulosa are similar to M. complanata but have apothecia with a dark (K+ purple-red) lower hypothecium and thalli containing confluentic acid and norstictic acid respectively. Pertusaria stellata is similar to P. macloviana, but has shorter ascospores and a smoother, generally paler thallus lacking papillate isidia. Cephalodia are reported for the first time in both Miriquidica and Pertusaria.

The new species, Pertusaria huanicola Messuti & A. W. Archer (Pertusariaceae, Ascomycota), is described. It is distinguished from Pertusaria phlyctaenula Nyl., P. subambigens Dibben and P. suboculata Brodo & Dibben by the chemistry and the number of ascospores per ascus. The new species is known only from Valdivian rainforest in south-western Argentina.

Eight species of the lichen genus Pertusaria (Pertusariaceae) are reported from the Juan Fernández Archipelago (Chile). Pertusaria fernandeziana is described as a new species and two species, Pertusaria phlyctaenula Nyl. and Pertusaria dehiscens Müll. Arg., are recorded for the first time from the archipelago. Range extensions of the known distribution within the archipelago are reported for Pertusaria hadrocarpa Zahlbr., Pertusaria melanospora Nyl., Pertusaria pachythallina (Räsänen) Messuti, Pertusaria papillulata Nyl., and Pertusaria velata (Turner) Nyl. Pertusaria polycarpa Kremp. var. monospora Zahlbr. is reduced to synonymy with Pertusaria papillulata and Pertusaria chilena Zahlbr. is synonymized with Pertusaria velata. A diagnostic key, descriptions, and illustrations of the species are presented with data on their habitat ecology and distribution.

A new corticolous species belonging to the lichen family Pertusariaceae, Pertusaria grassiae Messuti & A.W. Archer, is described from Tucumán Province, Argentina. It is characterized by disciform apothecia covered by a white to greyish white pruina, single-spored asci, ellipsoid and double-walled ascospores and the presence of atranorin.