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  • 8 - Local Conditions and Metropolitan Visions: Fiscal Policies and Practices in Portuguese Africa, c. 1850–1970

  • Edited by Ewout Frankema, Wageningen Universiteit, The Netherlands, Anne Booth, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
  • Book:
    Fiscal Capacity and the Colonial State in Asia and Africa, c.1850–1960
    Published online:
    15 November 2019
    Print publication:
    05 December 2019, pp 230-263

  • Summary

    This chapter surveys the fiscal policies and practices in the Portuguese African colonies of Mozambique and Angola from the 1850s to 1970s. It explores the fiscal implications of a long history of trade relations and cultural exchange, including early forms of colonial settlement (merchants, missionaries, prazeros), which were moulded into a relatively late and severely contested occupation wave in the late nineteenth century. It discusses the constraints to revenue centralization and fiscal unification and shows how spending policies prioritized security, administration and infrastructure over welfare services. I argue that local conditions, including this specific ‘pre-colonial’ history of Portuguese-African relations, limited possibilities of fiscal modernization, while major ruptures in metropolitan politics (e.g. the Salazar dictatorship) were key in the reorganization of imperial finances.