Chapter 2 explores the patterns of late nineteenth-century global capitalism through which a progressive, moral middle class built a system of professions. It uses the 1880s Melbourne land boom to show the sustained effect of the ‘great heaves’ of investment from the City of London into Australia, Canada, and the United States. This financializing economy – unlike earlier, short-term bubbles like Chicago’s in the 1830s – stimulated the global expansion of professional occupations. Older moral values infused the professions across the Anglo world as they grew and institutionalised. Retaining capitalism’s model of return on investment, the professional class made investment in humans the central professional ideal. Their class status was often concealed beneath layers of rationality and claims to expertise, but in the settler colonies they transformed capitalism into a form of moral investment for social return in ways that served their own interests first. As part of a global bourgeoisie, these transformations at the periphery of the Anglo world were soon also felt in the British metropole.

Drug development teams once focused on study design and company priorities, must now expand their efforts to include the professional, patient, and policy advocacy landscape. These groups are essential to setting research and policy priorities and are influential voices in securing funding at the federal, state, and private investment levels, as well as input to optimize the probability of success of clinical development programs. Professional associations and patient advocacy groups also enable collaboration across industry to address challenges that require resources beyond any one entity. This is particularly relevant to complex conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease.

This chapter is organized under two main sections. The first discusses how the content requirements of HRIAs are conflated with the ethical requirements of the assessment itself. This, narrow and inadequate species of HRIA ethics is quite different from the extensive body of legal ethics. The second section provides a case study of a World Bank-related impact assessment, which gives rise to legal and non-legal ethical issues and which is meant to demonstrate that the absence of concrete human rights-centred ethical guidelines in HRIAs can, even with the best of intentions, lead to outcomes that effectively violate fundamental rights.

This chapter focuses on the honorific monuments that professional and neighborhood-based associations raised to members of the Vedii family. Studying their linguistic formulae, and their archaeological and historical contexts, it clarifies the social situation, and hints at the economic relationships that the Vedii had with the makers and sellers of goods in Ephesos, who were part of the plebs media. These inscriptions allow us to see these associations as key constituents of the urban community and the Vedii as having economic interests in them. Furthermore, we are able to map physically the influence of the family on the city Ephesos by locating the places of the neighborhood associations that honored them.