This study aimed to analyse clinical and radiological features (phenotypes) to predict revision risk after functional endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Phenotype characteristics of the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery were analysed retrospectively.

The rates of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, smoking and a positive prick test result were significantly higher in revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery cases (p < 0.001, 0.001, < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only gender, pre-operative nasal steroid use, pre-operative systemic steroid use, intra-operative systemic steroid use and smoking were significant risk factors for revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery (p = 0.034, 0.001, 0.010, 0.007 and 0.001, respectively). In addition, only eosinophilia and aspirin sensitivity were significant risk factors for multiple revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery procedures (p = 0.043 and 0.005, odds ratio = 2.4 and 5.2).

Beyond the endotype of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, defining clinical and radiological factors enables a valid prediction of patients at high risk of revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery.