Pronectria rolfiana Etayo sp. nov. is described on Solorina sp. from Austria and Germany. The new species has been confused with Xenonectriella lutescens, a species hitherto reported from one locality in Bavaria. Scutula pseudocyphellariae Etayo & Triebel is described on Pseudocyphellaria berberina and P. flavicans from southern Chile and Unguiculariopsis fasciculata Etayo on Ramalina stenospora from Florida. The new combination Clypeococcum psoromatis (A. Massal.) Etayo comb. nov. is introduced for the common Mediterranean lichenicolous fungus hitherto named Clypeococcum epicrassum (H. Olivier) Nav.-Ros. & Cl. Roux.

Two lichenicolous species are discussed: the recently described Unguiculariopsis nephromae, which occurs on Nephroma species in Canada, Fennoscandia, North America and Russia, is combined into Protounguicularia; and Hyalopeziza rapax sp. nov. is described from Pseudocyphellariacrocata in Alaska. In discussing generic placements, it is concluded that the species now known as Olla transiens is better accommodated in Protounguicularia and the species is combined into that genus. Attention is drawn to variability in general appearance of P. nephromatis, particularly the occurrence of both superficial and erumpent apothecia in the same species.