This chapter focuses on the possible mechanisms of action, experimental data and available clinical data of acupuncture treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It provides examples of herbs and herbal mixtures used for symptoms associated with PCOS. Treatment of PCOS focuses on restoration of reproductive abnormalities with the aim of reducing clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism, restoring menstrual cycles, inducing ovulation and improving reproductive outcomes. The chapter illustrates the hypothesis of how acupuncture and specifically low-frequency electro-acupuncture (EA) may improve PCOS-related symptoms via modulation of endogenous regulatory systems, including the sympathetic nervous, the metabolic, the endocrine and the neuroendocrine systems. Clinical and experimental evidence shows that acupuncture can be a suitable alternative or complement to pharmacological induction of ovulation in women with PCOS and may also relieve other symptoms. More precise standards for reporting randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture are needed to overcome difficulties in analysis and interpretation.