Chapter 5 analyzes the individual eschatology of the Gospel of Mary: the revelation of Jesus to Mary regarding the ascent of the individual and paradigmatic soul to its heavenly ‘rest’. It is argued that this revelation is based on the reference to Jesus’ ascension in John 20.17, which he instructed Mary to disclose to his ‘brothers’. The basic message of the later gospel is not dissimilar to what we find in John: Jesus is Saviour – he has descended – he has ascended – his disciples can follow. In the Gospel of Mary the ascent narrative acts as a didactic story for the disciple's salvation: through Jesus’ ascension he has paved a way for the ascent of the disciple’s soul, and here we find instruction on how to follow him. The characterization of Mary suggests that she is already free from the influence of passions, sin and death and has already partly followed Jesus into eternal ‘rest’. Therefore, for the disciple, the ascension may be post-mortem, when the soul frees itself from the bodily passions, or realized in the present, as exemplified by Mary.

Although the Gospel of Mary is a dialogue gospel, the text’s narrative frame is just as integral to understanding the message of the gospel as the eschatological teachings in the dialogues. The narrative frame includes Jesus’ departure, Mary’s intervention, and the ensuing dispute among the disciples. This chapter explores possibilities for what was contained in the missing opening pages of the Gospel of Mary, firmly situating the text within the dialogue gospel genre. It then analyzes the Saviour’s farewell discourse, which encourages the disciples to be active participants in the Christian message of salvation. The section on Mary’s intervention focuses on her relationship with the male disciples and her relationship with Jesus, and argues that the Coptic manuscript heightens animosity between the disciples in contrast to the earlier Greek versions. Mary’s relationship to Jesus, on the other hand, is one of succession. The final part of the narrative frame sees the disciples split into two factions, with Mary and Levi on one side and Peter and Andrew on the other. It is unclear at the ending of the gospel whether the disciples are reconciled, and this is explored in light of other dialogue gospels such as the Pistis Sophia.