We briefly discuss the history of membership and the current position of Serbia inside the International Astronomical Union. We give an overview of astronomy education, research and public outreach in Serbia. Some statistics are presented concerning the number and gender of BSc, MSc and PhD students that graduated/obtained their degree in astronomy/astrophysics from the Department of Astronomy, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade. Due attention is paid to the most important scientific/educational institutions in Serbia in which the majority of astronomers are employed as well as various research topics investigated.
