Videocystourethrography (VCU) uses iodine-based contrast rather than 0.9% physiological saline, to allow simultaneous imaging of the lower urinary tract during urodynamic assessment. In addition to equipment for conventional cystometry, it is necessary to have a fluoroscopy unit with a high-resolution image intensifier and a tilt table. Fluoroscopic images can be obtained selectively during the filling and voiding study. VCU allows accurate visualisation of the functional anatomy of the lower urinary tract. It enables classification of urinary stress incontinence into four types (0-3), although this classification is no longer commonplace. In patients with neurogenic bladder, VCU provides a more complete assessment, including identification of vesicoureteric reflux during filling or voiding phase and, in some patients, it may visualise detrusor sphincter dyssynergia. VCU will enable visualisation of anatomical abnormalities such as bladder or urethral diverticulae or fistulae and bladder herniation. Although rare in women, it may allow identification of bladder outlet obstruction.