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An influential approach to public communication focuses on changing the preexisting frames of understanding the public brings to issues or introducing new frames to strengthen message acceptance. This chapter explores this approach to communicating developmental science in the work of the FrameWorks Institute together with the National Scientific Council on the Developing Child. The application of “strategic frame analysis” is described to show how an influential messaging strategy was developed by FrameWorks, and the example of framing child mental health illustrates this process. Questions are raised about this approach, including how to define the target audience(s) and the media that influence them, balancing scientific accuracy and policy advocacy in the communication goal(s), and whether there are long-term effects of FrameWorks messaging. The work of the National Scientific Council on the Developing Child is profiled as an implementation of strategic frame analysis to communicating developmental science. The development of the core story of early childhood development and the use of metaphors such as toxic stress, serve and return, and brain architecture are discussed. The chapter concludes with questions and cautions about the framing of developmental science and the influence of values in science communication.
Idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs) are the commonest group of epilepsies in children and adolescents. IGE syndromes are defined by distinct age at onset, seizure types, and characteristic electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities, without structural brain lesions and with normal developmental skills. The EEG shows normal background activity; focal interictal EEG abnormalities, occasionally reported, are not a consistent feature of benign myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (BMEI). Myoclonic-astatic epilepsy epitomizes a spectrum of IGEs with prominent myoclonic seizures, appearing in previously healthy children. Absence epilepsies and more broadly IGEs can sometimes cooccur with paroxysmal movement disorders. The IGEs have a predominant genetic etiology and current data are in favor of a complex model of inheritance with the interaction of two or more genes. Subtle developmental abnormalities of brain architecture are described in patients with IGE. New-generation antiepileptic drugs have been proven to be useful in the treatment of pharmacoresistant IGEs.
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