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brainstem areflexia

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Chapter 27 - Brain Death
from Section 3 - Specific Neurological Disorders in Emergency Medicine
- By Rade Vukmir, James P. Valeriano, Austin Oblack
Edited by Thomas P. Campbell, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Kevin M. Kelly, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh
Book:

Handbook of Emergency Neurology

Published online:

10 January 2024

Print publication:

17 August 2023, pp 392-394
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Summary

The term “brain death” implies permanent absence of cerebral and brainstem functions. US law equates brain death with cardiopulmonary death, but specific criteria need to be met for diagnosis of brain death or death by neurologic criteria (DBNC). There are established prerequisite criteria to consider a patient for brain death that include: (1) a cause of CNS catastrophe deemed irreversible; (2) no confounding metabolic abnormality; (3) no drug intoxication or CNS depressants; (4) a normothermic state; and (5) a normotensive state. If these criteria are met, then the patient can be formally considered for DBNC.