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Numerous researches show significant presence of cardiovascular disorders, especially hypertension in depressed patients that show up several years after first depressive episode.
Mortality caused by cardiovascular disorders in depressed patients is 50% higher than in general population. Comorbid depression and cardiovascular disorders is making worse health condition, increasing suffering, making hard treatment, and outcome is not good.
Objective
The goal is to confirm presence of hypertension in depressed patients as the most common comorbid cardiovascular diseases.
Method
A retrospective study has been conducted using data from medical history of 274 depressed patients hospitalized and treated at the Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center Banjaluka. These parameters were assessed: sex, age, number of hospitalizations, marital and employer status, comorbid disease, BMI, presence of hypertension, lipid status and glicemia's level. Data were presented using tables and graphs.
Results
Results obtained in our study were:
Hypertension in comorbidity with depression was found in 106 patients (38,5%), 75 of them were males and 31 of them were females. The majority were at age 40-60 years. Obesity was found in 21% of them. High lipid's level was found in 20% of them. 11% of patients had high level of glicemia. More than half of the patients had lower socio-economic status.
Conclusion
Depression is often accompanied by cardiovascular disorders. It is very important to recognize this comorbidity in order to treat it successfully and to make better treatment's outcome.
This chapter reviews pharmacological options that may improve the impaired wakefulness associated with shift work disorder (SWD) and available data regarding the use of stimulant therapy. It begins with a brief discussion of shift work and SWD. Night shift workers are at a greater risk for workplace accidents than day shift workers. Research into the negative physical and mental effects of shift work is accumulating, and available evidence indicates that shift work is associated with greater risk of psychiatric problems, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and accidents, and it represents a serious occupational health problem. A variety of countermeasures have been proposed and studied for the treatment of sleepiness and daytime sleep disturbances associated with shift work. These countermeasures range from basic nonpharmacological and behavioral strategies for improving sleep quality and quantity to pharmacological interventions for improving alertness during the work period or for improving sleep during the sleep period.
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