Chapter 4 focuses on the ideological expressions of the class cleavage and thus on how actors grouped into camps along a political left-right axis, into protagonists, antagonists, and consenters to comprehensive school reforms. For the Norwegian case, it focuses on the youth school reform, including the failed abolition of grading. For the North Rhine–Westphalian case, the conflicts over the integrated comprehensive school and the cooperative school are discussed. The chapter demonstrates that political parties and teachers’ organizations were not united, but most of the time divided internally into different currents. The most palpable difference between the cases is that the political right was ideologically more united in Germany, while the political left was more united in Norway. Comparatively leftist arguments became hegemonic in Norway, but not in Germany. The religious and rural population consented to the reforms in Norway and opposed them in North Rhine–Westphalia. While Norwegian primary schoolteachers for the most part supported the reforms, some of the German primary schoolteachers’ organizations at best consented to or opposed comprehensive schooling.