The Congo basin forests have vast conservation potential but because of their inaccessibility and periodic insecurity there is little formal protection or ecological research occurring there. Community-based conservation efforts in the unprotected forest corridor separating Kahuzi-Biega and Maiko National Parks in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo aim to protect a unique forest ecosystem and facilitate the development of ecological research. To support this process, we obtained baseline data on the occurrence of terrestrial mammals in the Nkuba Conservation Area by conducting camera-trap (2014–2018) and transect (2013–2018) surveys. From camera-trap images we also extracted diel activity patterns and estimated overlap in these patterns between selected pairs of species. We identified 29 mammal species weighing > 1 kg using camera traps and 22 species in transect surveys, with a total of 33 mammal species, of which seven are categorized as threatened on the IUCN Red List. Among this mammalian community, we recorded nocturnal and diurnal species with short core activity periods, and several cathemeral species with long activity periods, with various degrees of temporal separation of diel activity between species. The presence of threatened species, including the Critically Endangered Grauer's gorilla Gorilla beringei graueri, suggests that the Nkuba Conservation Area harbours a forest community that requires continuous monitoring, further research and investment in protection from the ongoing deforestation and resource exploitation occurring in the surrounding region.

A study of population ecology and vectorial capacity of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead was initiated on Rusinga island and mainland of Mbita Division, South Nyanza District, Kenya. As part of the overall study, investigations into fly distribution and diel activity patterns were carried out using biconical traps. The distribution of flies was found to be confined to a strip of dense vegetation of several metres in width along the lake shore. Trap catches indicated unimodal diel activity patterns for both sexes. Catches were recorded between 0700 and 1900 hr with peaks for females at 0900 hr and for males at 1000 hr. Of the physical factors (solar radiation, relative humidity, temperature and windspeed), solar radiation was found to be the main factor significantly influencing the catches of both males and females during the day. For males Y = −29.46 + 6.30X1 + 0.40X2, (r2 = 0.59, P = 0.0053 and P = 0.0425, where X1 = solar radiation and X2 = relative humidity, respectively). For females, Y = 3.63 + 5.13X1, (r2 = 0.20, P= 0.0960, where X1 = solar radiation).