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1 results

  • Gender Equality and Inequality in Numeracy: The Case of Latin America and the Caribbean, 1880–1949

  • Kerstin Manzel, Jörg Baten
  • Journal:
    Revista de Historia Economica - Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History / Volume 27 / Issue 1 / Primavera 2009
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    13 January 2010, pp. 37-73
    Print publication:
    Primavera 2009
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  • This article outlines the development of gender disparities in education for 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries for the period from 1880 to 1949, using age heaping techniques. We explore in particular the hypothesis of a U-shaped development of women's education during economic development, i.e., a decrease in gender equality at lower levels of overall education, and increasing gender equality at higher levels. For the downward sloping part, we find some evidence, although this part is relatively small. The upward sloping part is strongly confirmed. We also find that non-Hispanic Caribbean countries had substantially lower gender inequality rates than Latin American countries. A second major contribution is to document the development of average numerical abilities (of both genders) in these 28 countries.