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  • 15 - Developmental dysregulation of the dopamine system and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia

  • Edited by Matcheri S. Keshavan, University of Pittsburgh, James L. Kennedy, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Robin M. Murray, Institute of Psychiatry, London
  • Book:
    Neurodevelopment and Schizophrenia
    Published online:
    04 August 2010
    Print publication:
    18 November 2004, pp 273-294

  • Summary

    Evidence suggests that the dopamine (DA) system plays a key role in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia. Therefore, drugs that increase DA transmission are known to exacerbate this disorder and mimic paranoid psychosis in normal individuals, and drugs that are effective antipsychotic agents all have DA receptor-blocking properties in common. Substantial evidence exists to suggest that the pathological processes contributing to schizophrenia occur early in life, supporting the contention that schizophrenia is a developmental disorder. This chapter presents a model whereby stress is proposed to interact with an existing pathology within the limbic system to cause the delayed emergence of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. The involvement of stress is demonstrated by the finding that, of the children at risk for developing schizophrenia, those that do go on to show the pathology exhibit higher levels of anxiety and stress premorbidly.